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Summer Pharmacology 2 > Ocular Lecture 3 > Flashcards

Ocular Lecture 3 Flashcards

1
Q

most common dye used, alkaline, yellow color from xanthine, used as paper strip for tonometry, epithelial defects, IV for angiography, ARMD, Oral for CME, stains soft CLS, caution in breast feeding, strong taste

A

Fluorescein Sodium

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2
Q

water soluble tricarbocyanine dye, retinal and choroidal angiography, 21 to 38% absorbed by RPE and chorid, hypersensitive to iodine and seashells

A

Inodycanine Green

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3
Q

Iodine derivative that stains nuclei and cell wall of dead cells, used to diagnose DES, herpetic keratitis, FB, SE pronounced irritation

A

Rose Bengal

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4
Q

stains degenerated dead cells, used instead of rose bengal if eye is very hyperemic (red), used for recurrent corneal erosions, herpetic ulcers, less irritation than RB

A

Lissamine Green

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5
Q

electrolytes in ocular lubricants

A

NaCl, KCl, Boric Acid, and others

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6
Q

preservatives in ocular lubricants

A

BAK, chlorobutanol, thimerosal, DTA, Metylparaben

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7
Q

least toxic preservatives of lubricants

A

purite, sodium perborate

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8
Q

components to enhance viscosity of lubricants

A

methylcellulose (most severe), polyvinyl alchol, povodone, dextrose- gel/emulsion

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9
Q

preservative free lubricant characteristic

A

prevents dryness but require frequent administration

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10
Q

Ointment used for severe dry eye

A

Petroleum

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11
Q

solid device placed into lower eye lid, requires manual dexterity

A

lacrisert

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12
Q

oral therapy for DES- cholinergic agonist- SE miosis and accomodative spasm

A

pilocarpine

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13
Q

lubricant for prosthetic eye

A

tyloxapol- Enuclene

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14
Q

category used for corneal edema

A

hyperosmotic agents

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15
Q

topical hyperosmotic for corneal edema and acute angle closure glaucoma- 2% and 5%

A

sodium chloride - muro

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16
Q

Systemic hyperosmotics (3) for IOP reduction, will also reduce corneal edema

A

glucose, mannitol, Urea

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17
Q

Extraocular irrigating solution- used to irrigate after tono, gonio, FB removal, fluorescein, contains preservatives to avoid contamination b/w patients

A

sterile isotonic saline solution- Eye Wash

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18
Q

used to remove skin oil and debris alternative to baby shampoo, less irritating, but can be expensive

A

Lid Scrub - OcuSoft

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19
Q

fat soluble ocular vitamins

A

retinol A - Calfiferol D - Tocoferol E

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20
Q

water soluble ocular vitamins

A

Vit B- Thiamin - Vitamin C - Antioxidant

21
Q

inorganic minerals for ocular health- can lead to lung cancer in smokers

A

copper, zinc, beta carotene ( AVOID IN SMOKERS!!!!!)

22
Q

Vitamin that can reduce cataracts

A

Vitamin C - upt to 1000 mg

23
Q

Supplement that can show improvement in Glaucoma

A

Ginkgo Biloba- blood thinner

24
Q

Supplements used for DES

A

Omega 3’s and flax seed oil

25
Q

AREDS study shows that AREDS should by used by any person of any age with extensive drusen

A

AREDS 1 - vit C, vit E, BETA CAROTENE, zinc, copper

26
Q

AREDS 2 formulation

A

zeaxanthin and lutein, Beta carotene was elliminated, zinc was reduced

27
Q

eye vitamin I CAPS contains…

A

lutein and omega 3, lutein and Zeaxanthin

28
Q

eye vitamin Ocuvite contains…

A

Lutein and Zeaxanthin

29
Q

eye vitamin Preservision contains…

A

AREDS 2!

30
Q

Green CLS stain

A

phenylephrine/ epinephrine

31
Q

Gray/brown CLS stain

A

dopamine, tetracycline, sulfasalazine

32
Q

Yellow/orange CLS stain

A

beta blockers

33
Q

CLS solution for RGP, limited coverage for yeast and fungi, bacterial actions 0.005%, combined with EDTA or thimerosal

A

Chlorhexidine

34
Q

wide spectrum coverage of bacteria and fungi component of RGP solution

A

Benzalkonium Chloride BAK- Boston

35
Q

organic mercurial compound, slow acting, several side effects, low concentration ineffective against psuedomonas

A

Thimerosal

36
Q

protects from psuedomonas in RGP

A

EDTA

37
Q

good disinfectant, RGP cleansing

A

benzyl alcohol

38
Q

preservative for hydrogel and RGP

A

polyquad

39
Q

bacteriostatic preservative, often used with peroxide

A

sorbic acid

40
Q

best solution available, kills everything, cannot be put in your eye, not for rinsing, for disinfecting and storing. Another solution must be used to rinse. CLS must be in solution for 6 hours at least for solution to be neutralized

A

Hydrogen peroxide

41
Q

Traditional non angiogenic treatment of NAMD

A

photodynamic therapy with verteporfin dye- photo chemical damage to endothelial vasculature by activation of the dye with 689 nm red laser- stops leakage of vessels, best if combined with triamcinolone, no return of vision, can cause scotoma

42
Q

anti VEGF drug, diminishes leakage of neovessels and stops the membrane growth, painful, every 6 weeks, 70% of patients lose less than 15 letts of acuity vs 55% in control , SE endophthalmitis

A

Pagaptanib Sodium- Macugen, for WET mac degen only

43
Q

Anti VEGF intravitreal injection mono clonal antibody, every 3 months and then every 2 years, for wet, mac edema, and diabetic mac edema

A

Ranibizumab - Lucentis

44
Q

receptor binds VEFG a and PGF to inhibit activation, approved for wet AMD, ME and DME, more suitable with lots of inflammation

A

Eylea - alfibercet

45
Q

monoclonal antibody, used for colorectal and lung cancer, cheaper alternative to lucentis

A

Bevacizumab

46
Q

Drug used for macular holes and vitreo macular adhesion- proteolytic enzyme that dissolves protein matrix, intravitreal, SE decreased vision, IOP, inflammation, infection, retinal breaks, lens subluxation, dyscromatopsia

A

Jetrea

47
Q

prescription anatomy

A

physician info, patient name and address, date, rx symbol, medication, dispensing directions, usage directions, refills, signature

48
Q

drugs with same active ingredient, concentration and dose, administered same way with same bioavailability

A

Bioequivalent

49
Q

drugs that are bioequivalent have different bioavailabilitty

A

Generic

Summer Pharmacology 2 (11 decks)

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