occupation a01

Question 1

Swales (1987) and Nelson (2000) a01

Answer 1

• transcript of a meeting between teachers reveals a colour coding system to represent student needs (discourse community), the verb ‘convert’ was used in ‘convert to green’ to demonstrate the shared goal for student progression
• jargonistic noun/idiomatic phrases such as ‘blue-sky thinking’ to represent the process of innovation (business language)

Question 2

Koester (2004) - Phatic talk ao1

Answer 2

• transcriprt of an online product team meeting = ‘Hello welcome back Eric’ and ‘yeah it’s great to be here’ - phatic talk to buy time as people join the meeting

Question 3

Drew and Heritage (1992) - institutional talk ao1

Answer 3

• transcript from board meeting = mean length of utterance of speaker 1 is longer than others, asymmetry suggesting that they are of a higher rank
• transcript from product team meeting = other participants only respond when speaker 1 uses an interrogative sentence mood ‘anybody else in the same condition where you didn’t receive it?’

Question 4

Brown and Levinson (1987) - politeness ao1

Answer 4

• Nissan call centre = ‘how can I help you?’ = baldness on record, straight to the point, 2nd person personal pronoun direct address

Question 5

Brown and Levinson (1987) - politeness ao1

Answer 5

• Nissan call centre = ‘how can I help you?’ = baldness on record, straight to the point, 2nd person personal pronoun direct address

Question 6

Fairclough (2001) - power a01

Answer 6

• online staff meeting = the chair has the longest MLU and holds the floor the longest and therefore has power in discourse and also has power behind discourse as director

Question 7

Fairclough (2001) - po

Question 8

Goffman (1955) - face theory ao1

Answer 8

• nissan call centre = ‘can I have your name?’ - modal verb ‘can’, speaker is threatening the negative face and is therefore using positive politeness strategies

Question 9

Herbert and Straight (1989) - compliments ao1

Answer 9

• Y12 history lesson = repetition of the evaluative adjective ‘brilliant’ to give compliments to student, who is of lower authority

Question 10

Hornyak (1994) - professional hierarchy ao1

Answer 10

• online product staff meeting = the chair of the meeting holds the floor for a long time at once, using a collectivist approach + no interruptions shows that the chair is the most powerful

Question 11

Howard Giles (1973) - accommodation theory ao1

Answer 11

• Y12 history lesson = the teacher uses downward convergence when he repeats ‘stuff’, mirroring the student’s language
• dragon’s den pitch = Hannah starts to change her language and converge it with the dragons’ and starts to use more business lexis e.g. ‘forecast revenue’

Question 12

Lakoff (2011) - politeness ao1

Answer 12

• online staff meeting = different staff members repeat the word ‘apologies’ - the politeness principle of not imposing

Question 13

Wareing (1999) - power ao1

Answer 13

• Y12 History lesson = modal verb ‘can i’ links to instrumental power