grammar Flashcards
What are the different sentence moods?
- declarative
- interrogative
- imperative
- exclamatory
What is a noun phrase ?
a string of words which all depend on the noun in some way
e.g. those bicycles
What is a verb phrase?
- consist of either 1 main verb modified by a negative word/adverb or of a main verb preceded by on or more auxiliary verbs
e.g. had been living or didn’t compose
What is a prepositional phrase?
- has a preposition as its head word and are usually closely followed by a post-Head string only, which is usually a determiner and a noun
e.g. through the window
What is a simple sentence?
one main verb e.g. she laughed
What is a compound sentence?
2 main verbs joined by a coordinating conjunction e.g. He smiled and she laughed.
What is a complex sentence?
a main clause and any number of subordinate clauses e.g. She smiled when he laughed.
What are minor sentences?
- don’t have a main verb, but which can be understood as a complete unit of meaning
What are major sentences?
contain a main verb and a subject that is either present or readily identifiable
What is an adverbial subordinate clause?
- tells us when,where, why and how the main clause can be recognised by the use of a subordinating conjunction
- e.g. because,unless,where,etc - ‘Because I left late’
What is a relative subordinate clause?
- adds extra information about one of the nouns and is marked by a relative pronoun
- e.g. ‘Our friend, who is a fireman, is extremely brave’
What is a conditional subordinate clause?
- provide a condition
- e.g. if…, or unless…
What is the active voice?
- where the subject of a sentence is clear
- e.g. Barry ate the cake
What is the passive voice?
- where the subject of the sentence is disguised
- formed with BE + PAST PARTICIPLE
- e.g. The cake was eaten
What are the two tenses?
past and present
