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Dental anatomy > Occlusion , Test 2 > Flashcards

Occlusion , Test 2 Flashcards

1
Q

occlusion

A

static relationship of teeth and is basic to all dentistry

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2
Q

name some constant forces that are important in occlusion

A

lips/cheeks, tongue, opposing teeth.

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3
Q

what is the neutral position or space?

A

when tooth stability is achieved. This occurs when lingual forces are in equilibrium of labial/ cheek forces

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4
Q

what are parafunctional habits?

A

any habitual use of the mouth unrelated to eating, drinking, or speaking

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5
Q

which teeth are easiest to move?

A

anterior- because their small root

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6
Q

name some parafunctional habits

A

fingerbiting, bruxism ( clenching vs grinding), mouth breathing, tongue thrust, thumb sucking

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7
Q

proximal surfaces & mesial drifting

A

Proximal contact between adjacent teeth help maintain the teeth in normal alignment. Alveolar bone and gingival fibers functional response results in mesial drifting which helps sabalize adjacent teeth and the dental arch

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8
Q

occlusal stability helps what?

A

prevents extrusion or supererutption of teeth.

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9
Q

what happens if a portion of the occlusal surface of a tooth is lost or altered?

A

shifting of the tooth , supereropt of unopposed teeth until occlusal contact is reestablished

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10
Q

itra-arch alignment

A

relationships of teeth within the same arch

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11
Q

inter-arch alignment

A

relationship of teeth between arches ( occlusion)

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12
Q

describe a posterior crossbite

A

mandibular lingual cusps occlude in the central fossae of maxillary teeth, Maxillary buccal cusps occlude in the central fossae of mandibular teeth. ** mandibular teeth are on the outside**

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13
Q

how is arch length measured?

A

line begins at distal surface of 3 molar and extends to distal 3 molar on other side

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14
Q

what makes the mandibular arch length smaller?

A

the smaller mandibular incisors

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15
Q

what is arch width

A

distance straight across the arch.

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16
Q

what’s another name for functional cusps?

A

centric/ supporting

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17
Q

name the centric cusps

A

buccal cusps of mandibular posterior teeth, lingual cusps of maxillary posterior teeth

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18
Q

where do the centric cusps occlude?

A

the opposing central fossa areas

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19
Q

what do central cusps do?

A

responsible for maintain the distance between the maxilla and mandible

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20
Q

what is VDO?

A

Vertical dimension of occlusion- distance between maxilla and mandible which supports the vertical facial height.

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21
Q

what do centric cusps look like?

A

broad and rounded

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22
Q

centric cusp location from occlusal view is where

A

1/3 the distance of the buccal lingual width

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23
Q

name the non-centric ( guiding ) cusps

A

buccal cusp of maxillary posterior teeth, lingual cusps of mandibular posterior teeth.

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24
Q

non-centric cusps appearance

A

sharp, located 1/6 the of the total buccal lingual distance

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25
Q

whats the pneumonic for non-centric cusps?

A

BULL, Buccal upper, lingual lower.

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26
Q

what is the functional outer aspect?

A

FOA, a small area of the centric cusp in the outer aspect wich can function against the inner incline of the noncentric cusp. This helps with shearing food so non-centric cusps are also referred to as shearing cusps

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27
Q

noncentric cusps role in masticating

A

they finish the guiding contacts that provide feedback to the neuromuscular system which controls the chewing stroke, Non-centric cusps are referred to as guiding cusps

28
Q

occlusal relationships of 1st molar

A

mandibular molar is slightly mesial to maxillary

29
Q

angle classification 1

A

MB cusp of mandibular 1st molar occludes with embrasure area between 1st molar and 2nd PM, MB cusp of maxillary 1st molar is over buccal groove of mandibular 1st Molar, ML cusp of 1st maxillary molar is in the central fossa of mandibular 1st molar

30
Q

whats another name for class 1?

A

orthognathic profile, or normal profile

31
Q

angle classification 2 (malocclusion)

A

maxillary arch is larger or advanced anteriorly, or mandibular arch is small or positioned posteriorly

32
Q

name some determining factors of class 2

A

MB of mandibular first molar occludes in CF of maxillary first molar, MB cusp of mandibular first molar is aligned in buccal groove of maxillary first molar, DL cusp of maxillary first molar occludes in the CF of mandibular first molar.

33
Q

whats another name for class 2

A

retrognathic profile

34
Q

class 3 angle ( malocclusion)

A

(predominate growth of mandible) DB cusp of mandibular first molar is in embrasure between maxillary second PM and first Molar, MB cusp of maxillary first molar is situated over the embrasure between mandibular first and second molar, ML cusp of maxillary first molar is situated in the mesial pit of the mandibular second molar

35
Q

another name for class 3

A

prognathic

36
Q

relationships of anterior teeth

A

maxillary teeth are labial to mandibular, anterior teeth are inclined, mandibular incisal edges contact maxillary lingual sides of teeth.

37
Q

overjet

A

horizontal distance in which the maxillary anteriors overlap the mandibular anteriors

38
Q

overbite

A

vertical plane, distance between the incisal edges of opposing anterior teeth( normally about 3-5mm of overlap)

39
Q

what 2 things determine anterior guidance?

A

overjet, overbite

40
Q

reminder of functions of anterior teeth

A

cut or incise food , speech , lip support, esthetics.

41
Q

whats class 2 division 1?

A

class 2 molar with normal labial inclination of maxillary central and lateral incisors

42
Q

whats class 2 division 2

A

class 2 with lingually inclined anterior teeth

43
Q

class 3 end to end

A

mandibular teeth reach the gums of maxillary teeth

44
Q

anterior openbite

A

no overlap no contact or MICP ( maximal intercuspal contact)

45
Q

what are the 3 basic mandibular movements

A

protrusive, laterotrusive, retrusive

46
Q

what is protrusive contact?

A

any area of a tooth that contacts an opposing tooth during protrusive movement

47
Q

posterior protrusive contacts can occur between what?

A

distal inclines of maxillary teeth and mesial inclines of mandibular teeth.

48
Q

where is there contact between teeth during laterotrusive movement

A

inner inclines of maxillary buccal cusps, outer inclines of mandibular cusps; outer inclines of maxillary lingual and inner inclines of mandibular lingual cusps

49
Q

where is there contact between teeth during messiotrusive movement

A

inner inclines of maxillary lingual cusp, inner incline of mandibular buccal

50
Q

what is the working side

A

working side-the side the mandible is shifting to

51
Q

nonworking side

A

most function occurs on the left side, therefore the right side has been designated the non working side

52
Q

posterior retrusive contacts

A

mesial inclines of maxillary teeth and distal inclines of mandibular teeth

53
Q

what is translation?

A

when all points within a body have identical motion

54
Q

what is rotation

A

when the body is turning about an axis

55
Q

when does rotation happen?

A

mouth opens and closes around a fixed point or axis within the condyles

56
Q

when does translation happen

A

protrusion- the teeth, condyles, and rami all move forward in the same direction

57
Q

sagittal plane movement

A

rotational and translational

Rotation occurs around the terminal hinge

58
Q

rotation of incisor separation

A

limited to about 12mm before the TMJ ligaments and other structures force the mandible to translate.

59
Q

mandible movement in a horizontal plane

A

rotation and slight translation.

60
Q

mandible movement of frontal plane

A

non-working condyle moves down and medially, working condyle rotates around the sagittal axis perpendicular to frontal plane

61
Q

what limits mandibular movement?

A

ligaments and articular surfaces of TMJ, as well as teeth alignment

62
Q

what are Border movements ?

A

when mandible moves through the out range of motion it produces these movements ( looks like a shield to me)

63
Q

why is the facebow important

A

they record the anterio-posterior and mediolateral spatial position of the maxillary occlusal surfaces in relation to the transverse opening and closing axis of the patients mandible

64
Q

why use the articulator

A

it stimulates jaw movement. Unmounted casts don’t give the technician information about the occlusal relationship

65
Q

what type of design are whip mix articulators?

A

ARCON, ( articulator, condyle)

66
Q

Arcon vs non Arcon

A

Arcon has condylar housing built in the upper member of articulator simulating real life. Non-Arcon the housing is in the lower member which is opposite to real life.

Dental anatomy (14 decks)

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