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PSYCH 2NF3 > Occipital Lobe (test 2) > Flashcards

Occipital Lobe (test 2) Flashcards

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1
Q

where is the LGN

A

in the thalamus

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2
Q

where is the first place processing starts

A

V1

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3
Q

division on the lateral surface

A

no clear division

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4
Q

division on the medial surface

A 
parieto-occipital surface
calcarine sulcus (much of V1 is here)
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5
Q

division of the ventral surface

A
  • lingual gyrus (V2 and V3)

- fusiform gyrus (hV4)

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6
Q

how many layers in V1

A

6+

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7
Q

how is area V1 organized

A

laminar organization

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8
Q

results of cytochrome oxidase staining in V1

A
  • blobs: colour perception

- interblobs: form and motion perception (orientation sensitive)

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9
Q

results of cytochrome oxidase staining in V2

A
  • thin stripes: colour perception

- thick stripes: form and motor perception

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10
Q

V4

A

the color vision which helps in the perception of movement, position, and depth

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11
Q

V1

A
  • primary visual cortex
  • input from LGN
  • output to all other levels
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12
Q

V2

A
  • secondary visual cortex
  • works with V1
  • output to all other levels
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13
Q

output to the parietal lobe

A

dorsal stream

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14
Q

output to the inferior temporal lobe

A

ventral stream

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15
Q

output to the superior temporal sulcus

A

STS stream

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16
Q

Doral stream

A
  • to parietal lobe
  • visual guidance of movements
  • where pathway
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17
Q

ventral stream

A
  • to the inferior temporal lobe
  • giving name or label to object
  • what pathway/object perception
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18
Q

STS stream

A
  • visuospatial
  • some language processing
  • detection of animate vs. inanimate
  • complex thought
  • theory of mind (guess what others are thinking about)
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19
Q

V1 blobs connect to what

A

hV4

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20
Q

V4 vs hV4

A

V4 is monkey

hV4 is human

21
Q

V1 interblobs connect to what

A

V5/MT

22
Q

V1 and V2 connect to what

A

V3

23
Q

lesions in V1 cause

A

blindsight

24
Q

percent of cortex with vision-related properties

A

55%

25
Q

V4

A

color

26
Q

V5

A

motion-sensitive area

27
Q

V3

A

the shape of objects in motion

28
Q

5 categories of vision

A
  • vison for action
  • action for vision
  • visual recognition
  • visual space
  • visual attention
29
Q

vision for action

A
  • dorsal stream
  • ducking, catching, movement
  • bottom-up processing
30
Q

action for vision

A
  • guide attention to guide your movement
  • eye movements
  • visual scanning
  • we focus on facial features
  • top-down processing
31
Q

visual recognition

A
  • what are you looking at?

- temporal lobes

32
Q

visual space

A
  • egocentric space (location in relation to the viewer)
  • allocentric (location in relation to another object)
  • parietal lobes
33
Q

visual attention

A
  • how we don’t get overwhelmed

- pay attention to important characteristics

34
Q

Milner-Goodale Model

A

differentiating hierarchal parts of the visual system
2 pathways
1) object recognition
2) action

35
Q

a lesion in the visual cortex most likely to be …

A

macular sparing

36
Q

monocular blindness

A
  • loss of vision in one eye

- optic nerve or retina damage

37
Q

bitemporal hemianopia

A
  • loss of vision in moth temporal fields

- tumor of pituitary gland applying pressure to optic chiasm

38
Q

_______ nasal hemianopia

A
  • loss of vision in one nasal field

- damage to the lateral chiasm

39
Q

homonymous hemianopia

A
  • loss of vision in one visual field
  • can be from damage to LGN, V1 or optic tract
  • largest lesion
40
Q

quadrantanopia

A
  • loss of vision to 1/4 of the visual field
  • lesion near calcarine sulcus
  • medium lesion
41
Q

scotoma

A

blind spot

small lesion visual cortex

42
Q

scotoma

A

blind spot

small lesion visual cortex

43
Q

prosopagnosia

A
  • facial agnosia
  • cannot recognize previously known faces
  • bilateral damage to the temporal cortex
44
Q

alexia

A
  • dyslexia
  • inability to read
  • damage to left fusiform and lingual areas
45
Q

visuospatial agnosia

A
  • topographic disorientation
  • inability to find way around
  • damage to occipitotemporal regions
46
Q

apperceptive

A
  • unable to copy or match shapes
  • gross bilateral damage to the occipital cortex
  • simultagnosia (unable to perceive more than one object at a time)
47
Q

associative

A
  • can perceive objects but cannot identify them

- lesion to the anterior temporal lobe

48
Q

macular sparing

A
  • helps to differentiate between lesions of the optic tract and thalamus from cortical lesions
  • the muscular part of V1 might receive double the vascular supply from medial and cerebral artery

PSYCH 2NF3 (13 decks)

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