Obstetric emergencies: umbilical cord prolapse

Question 1

Incidence of umbilical cord prolapse

Answer 1

0.1-0.6%

Question 2

Risk factors for cord prolapse

Answer 2

Maternal
- Multiparity

Foetal
- Non-cephalic presentation
- Polyhydramnios
- Multiple gestation
- Prematurity
- Low birth weight
- Congenital abnormalities

Obstetric
- Rupture of membranes
- External cephalic version
- Cervical balloon catheter

Question 3

Immediate management of umbilical cord prolapse

Answer 3

• Instill 750ml of fluid into the bladder
• Head down and knees to chest positioning
• Tocolysis with terbutaline
• Category 1 caesarean section unless vaginal birth is imminent