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OB/GYN I > OBGYN FINAL QUIZLET ANSWERS > Flashcards

OBGYN FINAL QUIZLET ANSWERS Flashcards

1
Q

Estrogen is produced by _____ and progesterone is produced by ______

A

dominant follicle/ corpus luteum

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2
Q

Nabothian cysts are found in the _____

A

cervix

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3
Q

30 year old woman has enlarged uterus, history of unusual prolonged menstrual cycles. What is probable diagnosis

A

Lyeiomyoma

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4
Q

What kind of lyieomyoma causes the most bleeding

A

submucosal

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5
Q

Gartners duct cysts are found in the ______

A

vaginal canal

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6
Q

When scanning you find bilateral symmetrical masses, what are they

A

muscles

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7
Q

What happens to the fibroids when they continue to grow? (after outgrowing blood supply and necrosis)

A

calcifications (degenerated lyeiomyoma)

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8
Q

When scanning transvag, in order to find the fundus where is the handle of your probe

A

towards the bed

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9
Q

Christmas tree is sign for

A

AVM- arterial venous malformation

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10
Q

T/F AVMs are always aquired

A

false

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11
Q

Who is at risk for endometrial cancer

A

older women, breast cancer survivor

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12
Q

Breast cancer survivors on tamoxifin have a greater risk for

A

endometrial cancer

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13
Q

Pt has had a hysterectomy, what is the remaining tissue

A

vaginal cuff

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14
Q

Normal vaginal cuff is greater than 2cm what can happen

A

regrowth can occur

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15
Q

Stage 2 ovarian cancer reaches

A

pelvic organs

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16
Q

Most common benign tumor of the ovary is

A

dermoid

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17
Q

What is the most common cause of PID

A

STDs

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18
Q

PID can include pain and

A

fever

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19
Q

PID includes all except: endometriosis, endometritis, peri-ovarian inflammation

A

endometriosis

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20
Q

A woman comes to ER with intense pelvic pain and vaginal discharge. Ultrasound shows complex irregular mass in pouch of douglas. What does she have?

A

TOA

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21
Q

When does LH surge happen and what does it do

A

right before ovulation stimulates dominant follicle to rupture

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22
Q

HCG given to infertile woman makes her

A

ovulate

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23
Q

During ultrasound evaluation look for development, growth and

A

well being

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24
Q

nonmaleficence, autonomy, beneficence, justice, veracity, integrity, confidentiality

A

Principles of ethics

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25
Q

Strive to treat all patients equally

A

justice

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26
Q

_____ and ______ are the ethical principles that determine the timing of obstetric sonography examinations

A

justice/autonomy

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27
Q

Adherence to moral and ethical principles

A

Integrity

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28
Q

Respect to abilities and limitations (truthfullness)

A

veracity

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29
Q

To not cause harm

A

nonmaleficence

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30
Q

Respect for a person (no discrimination)

A

autonomy

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31
Q

The goal of seeking to do more good over harm

A

beneficence

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32
Q

who is the organization that enforces code of ethics

A

SDMS (society of diagnostic medical sonographers)

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33
Q

How is HCG changing throughout pregnancy

A

increases, plateaus, decreases

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34
Q

HCG increases by _____ a day

A

3.5

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35
Q

What is the interface between decidua capsularis and endometrium

A

double decidual sign

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36
Q

We should start to see the fetal bladder at _____ weeks

A

10

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37
Q

Fetus breech position is head to the _____

A

fundus

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38
Q

Fetus vertex/cephalic position is head to the _____

A

cervix

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39
Q

Amniotic fluid increases and plateaus at ____ weeks

A

34

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40
Q

`Measure amniotic fluid at the _____ pocket

A

largest

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41
Q

Largest pocket of amniotic fluid measures ____ to _____ cm

A

2-8

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42
Q

Where is BPD taken at

A

thalamus and cavum septum pellucidum

43
Q

Biometric measurements give you the estimated fetal weight and

A

growth adjusted sonar age

44
Q

4 parameters of biometric measurements are: HC, BPD, FL and

A

AC

45
Q

90% or above for biometric measurements is ____ for gestational age

A

large (LGA)

46
Q

10% or below for biometric measurements is ____ for gestational age

A

small (SGA) - IUGR

47
Q

HTN mother is associated with ____ babies

A

small

48
Q

Diabetic mother is associated with _____ babies

A

large

49
Q

If measurement of femur is ______ deviations above or below it shows IUGR or macrosomia

A

2

50
Q

What measurements are needed for orbits: outer to outer and inner to inner, and

A

orbital diameter

51
Q

OOD is also called

A

binocular distance

52
Q

OOD is a good indicator for ____ of fetus

A

age

53
Q

When transvag you can see an intrauterine pregnancy if HCG exceeds

A

500

54
Q

When tran abdominal you can see an intrauterine pregnancy when HCG exceeds

A

1800

55
Q

What causes asymmetric IUGR

A

placental insufficiency

56
Q

What causes symmetric IUGR

A

first trimester insult

57
Q

Asymmetric IUGR has a ____ head and small body because it needs the most nutrients

A

normal

58
Q

Preeclampsia is HTN plus

A

proteinuria

59
Q

Eclampsia is HTN, proteinuria and

A

siezures

60
Q

PUV is posterior valve

A

urethral

61
Q

PUV only affects

A

males

62
Q

PUV leads to megastastitis which is enlarged

A

bladder

63
Q

Most common abdominal wall defects are

A

gastroschisis / omphalocele / umbilical hernia

64
Q

Most common lethal skeletal dysplasia

A

thanatophroic dysplasia

65
Q

Congenital development disorder of the spine and lower limbs known as “mermaid syndrome” is

A

sirenomelia

66
Q

Osteogenesis imperfecta is disorder of _____ production that causes fractures in untero

A

collagen

67
Q

Which syndrome looks like trisomy 18

A

pena-shokeir syndrome

68
Q

Which plane do you scan renal pelvis

A

trans

69
Q

We should see fetal kidneys at ____ weeks

A

18

70
Q

When evaluating kidneys look for their presence, location, number, structure and renal

A

agenesis

71
Q

_____ situs inversus has right side heart axis, transposition of liver, stomach, and spleen and left sided gallbladder

A

total

72
Q

_____ does not arise from the hindgut

A

cecum

73
Q

Derivatives of the foregut are

A

pharnyx, lower respiratory system, esophagus, stomach, part of duodenum, liver, biliary apparatus, pancreas

74
Q

Derivatives of the midgut are

A

small intestines, cecum, cloaca extrsophy, ascending colon, part of transverse colon

75
Q

Derivatives of the hindgut are

A

part of transverse gut, descending colon, rectum, anal canal, epithelium of bladder, most of urethra

76
Q

_____ shows liver and stomach in opposite position, no gallbladder and multiple spleens, IVC interruption

A

polyspleenia

77
Q

Esophagus on ultrasound presents as _____ pattern

A

multilayered

78
Q

When does esophagus show on ultrasound

A

when baby swallows (2nd/3rd trimester)

79
Q

Dilation of bowel duct is _____ cyst

A

choleducal

80
Q

Umbilical vein drains all of the following except: placenta, body stalk, evolving abdominal wall, yolk sac

A

yolk sac

81
Q

Gastroschisis is abdominal wall defect at the _____ of umbilicus

A

right

82
Q

What gender is ore common for gastroschisis

A

male

83
Q

AFP in gastroschisis rises or decreases

A

rises

84
Q

Midgut herniation is normal until _____ weeks

A

12

85
Q

Omphalocele is _____ failing to return to belly

A

bowel

86
Q

Omphalocele is covered in ____ and _____

A

peritoneum/ amnion

87
Q

If you only find small bowel in omphalocele what is it associated with

A

chromosomal anomalies

88
Q

Gastroschisis is at risk of atrophy of which vessel

A

right umbilical vein

89
Q

Beckweith-weideman syndrome is associated with microglossia, omphalocele and

A

organomegaly

90
Q

What anomaly is associated with large cranial defects, facial cleft, body wall complex defects and limb defects

A

limb body wall complex

91
Q

Which congenital diaphragmatic hernia side is most common on ___ posterior trough foramen of

A

left / bochladeck

92
Q

What are the 3 types of holoprosencephaly

A

alobar, semilobar, lobar

93
Q

The most severe form of holoprosencephaly is

A

lobar

94
Q

Holoprosencephaly nose with single nostril is

A

cebocephaly

95
Q

Bridge of nose originates from _____ prominence

A

frontal

96
Q

T/F: nasal triad includes: nostril symmetry, nasal septum integrity, continuous upper lip

A

true

97
Q

4D scanning is ______ of fetus

A

real time movement

98
Q

What is PAPPA

A

pregnancy associate plasma protein A

99
Q

PAPPA ___ throughout pregnancy

A

increases

100
Q

4 core measurements gives us

A

EFW estimated fetal weight

101
Q

Patient was seen in emergency room. She had a palpable mass in physical exam and several days of pain. Most likely diagnosis is

A

Hemorrhagic cyst

102
Q

A 45 year old female was seen in ER. She had symptoms of pressure and pain in her pelvis. This mass was visualized and measured almost 23cm. The most likely diagnosis is

A

Mucinous cystadenoma

103
Q

30 year old female was seen by gynecologist for routine exam. She had symptoms of increasing pain with her periods. Mass was visualized and most of her pelvic structures appeared blurred and disorganized. Most likely diagnosis is

A

endometrioma

OB/GYN I (13 decks)

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