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OB/GYN I > Ch. 49 Normal First Trimester > Flashcards

Ch. 49 Normal First Trimester Flashcards

1
Q

_______ refers to the timing of pregnancy dating from the first day of the last menstrual period

A

menstrual age

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2
Q

______ refers to the timing of pregnancy dating from the date of conception

A

embryologic age

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3
Q

The _____ yolk sac is the one seen on sonography

A

secondary

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4
Q

HCG levels generally peak at about the _____ week of pregnancy

A

8th

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5
Q

When a spontaneous abortion occurs, the HCG levels begin to fall _____ the conceptus is expelled from the uterus

A

before

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6
Q

If a patient presents with an HCG level consistent with at least a 5 week pregnancy and no gestational sac is seen in the uterus, a ______ must be considered

A

ectopic pregnancy

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7
Q

Which of the following patients is least likely to require a first trimester OB sonogram

A

patient with first time pregnancy

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8
Q

Which of the following best describes the sonographic appearance of a 4 week pregnancy

A

1-2mm sac with echogenic ring around the edge

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9
Q

Which of the following best describes the sonographic appearance of a 5 week pregnancy

A

8mm sac with thick echogenic ring and yolk sac

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10
Q

The gestational sac should be located near the _______ of the uterus

A

fundus

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11
Q

In early pregnancy, the gestational sac grows at a rate of about ______ per day

A

1mm

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12
Q

The yolk sac is found _____ the amniotic cavity

A

outside

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13
Q

The yolk sac usually disappears by ______ weeks

A

12

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14
Q

The fetal heart beat is seen at ______ weeks at the earliest

A

5.5

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15
Q

Transvaginally, the amniotic membrane is routinely seen after ______ weeks

A

5.5

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16
Q

During the 6th week (menstrual age) of pregnancy, the embryo folds, creating a constriction between the embryo and the yolk sac, called the

A

yolk stalk

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17
Q

The limb buds and tail are seen sonographically (TV) at about the ______ week of pregnancy

A

7th

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18
Q

Echogenic lines representing the spine are seen at _____ weeks

A

8

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19
Q

The yolk stalk, allantois and connecting stalk are brought together by the _____ creating the umbilical cord

A

amniotic membrane

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20
Q

The upper extremities develop ______ the lower extremities

A

before

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21
Q

Fingers and toes are sonographically recognizable at ______ with transvaginal sonography

A

11 weeks

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22
Q

Part of the embryo’s gut herniates into the base of the umbilical cord until about _____ weeks, when it returns to the abdomen

A

12

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23
Q

Sonographically, the bowel can be seen to be herniated into the umbilical cord from _____ to _____ weeks

A

8-10

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24
Q

A cystic structure in the posterior embryonic cranium from 8-11 weeks is

A

rhomboid fossa

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25
Q

The cerebral hemispheres and midline falx can be seen at about _____ weeks

A

9

26
Q

The _____ is the first organ to function within the embryo

A

heart

27
Q

When the embryonic heartbeat is first seen sonographically, it beats at a rate of about ____ bpm

A

90

28
Q

In the second and third trimesters, the normal fetal heart rate is _____ bpm

A

120-160

29
Q

High resolution, transvaginal sonography can demonstrate the development of the embryonic heart from a tube to its final 4 chamber configuration

A

false

30
Q

Sonography is the most accurate method for determining gestational age in the _____ trimester

A

1st

31
Q

CRL is the method of choice for measuring the fetus through the _____ week

A

12

32
Q

CRL is accurate to +/- days

A

5

33
Q

As a rule, the mean gestational sac size is an accurate way of determining gestational age through the _____ week

A

8th

34
Q

When measuring the gestational sac size, the measurement should include the echogenic ring of the decidual reaction

A

false

35
Q

Abnormally shaped or unusually large yolk sacs are associated with increased risk of spontaneous abortion

A

true

36
Q

In ______ of cases, visualization of a normal yolk sac predicts a viable pregnancy

A

90%

37
Q

The upper limit of normal size for the yolk sac is

A

5.6mm

38
Q

Multiple pregnancies are always considered high risk pregnancies

A

true

39
Q

Twins that occur as a result of two ova being fertilized are called _____ twins

A

fraternal

40
Q

Twins that occur from a single fertilized ovum are called ____ twins

A

identical

41
Q

A twin pregnancy with two chorions, two amnions and two placentas is called

A

dichorionic, diamniotic

42
Q

A twin pregnancy with one chorion and two amnions is called

A

monochorionic, diamniotic

43
Q

A twin pregnancy with one chorion and one amnion is called

A

monochorionic, monoamniotic

44
Q

Monoamniotic twins have a ____% mortality rate

A

50

45
Q

Transvaginal scanning enables the visualization of fetal anatomy about _______ earlier than transabdominal scanning

A

1 week

46
Q

Gestational age=

A

fertilization age + 2 weeks

47
Q

Embryologists use ______ age

A

fertilization

48
Q

Sonographers use _______ age

A

gestational

49
Q

When does the primary yolk sac pinch off forming the secondary yolk sac

A

23 days menstrual age

50
Q

With EV, the secondary yolk sac is visible at _______ LMP and is almost always seen when the mean sac diameter (MSD) reaches ______

A

5.5 weeks, 8mm

51
Q

Yolk sac is attached to the embryo by the

A

vitelline duct

52
Q

Amniotic cavity develops from the ________ of the embryo, also known as the _____

A

dorsal side, epiblast

53
Q

Which hCG is simply positive or negative

A

qualitative

54
Q

Which test measure amount of hCG in maternal blood

A

quantitative

55
Q

Normal hCG but normal uterus

A

ectopic pregnancy

56
Q

Intrauterine pregnancy can be visualized at about _______ gestational age

A

5 weeks

57
Q

Side of the endometrium where the conceptus is burrowing in. trophoblast is invading the endometrial tissue

A

decidua basalis

58
Q

Endometrium that covers over the conceptus once it has burrowed into the endometrium

A

decidua capsularis

59
Q

two layered echogenic ring around the gestational sac that is formed by the decidua capsularis

A

double sac sign

60
Q

Which of the following best describes the sonographic appearance of a 6 week pregnancy

A

15mm sac with fetal pole and yolk sac

OB/GYN I (13 decks)

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