Intro to Embryology

Question 1

The entire products of conception from fertilization onward

Answer 1

conceptus

Question 2

Cell formed by the union of an oocyte and a sperm

Answer 2

zygote

Question 3

Mitotic division of zygote forming embryonic cells called blastomeres

Answer 3

cleavage

Question 4

Female germ or sex cell produced in the ovaries

Answer 4

oocyte/ovum

Question 5

The time period since fertilization

Answer 5

fertilization age

Question 6

The expulsion of an embryo or fetus from the uterus before it is viable

Answer 6

abortion

Question 7

The beginning or first discernible indication of an organ or structure

Answer 7

primordium

Question 8

A ball of about 12-32 blastomeres which have cleaved to form the zygote

Answer 8

morula

Question 9

Term applied to the developing human after 8 weeks of development

Answer 9

fetus

Question 10

Age of embryo calculated from the first day of the last normal menstrual period

Answer 10

gestational age

Question 11

Male germ or sex cell produced in the testes

Answer 11

sperm

Question 12

Period consisting of 3 calendar months

Answer 12

trimester

Question 13

Branch of science concerned with the origin and development of a human being from a zygote to birth of an infant

Answer 13

human embryology

Question 14

Mature oocyte

Answer 14

secondary oocyte/ ovum

Question 15

Period of time from the 9th week of development to birth

Answer 15

fetal period

Question 16

Term meaning a fetus is mature enough to survive outside the uterus

Answer 16

viable

Question 17

A fluid-filled cavity inside the morula

Answer 17

blastocystic cavity

Question 18

Contains an inner cell mass that will form the embryo

Answer 18

embryoblast

Question 19

Term referring to the embryo or fetus and its membranes

Answer 19

conceptus

Question 20

Refers to a secondary oocyte impregnated by a sperm

Answer 20

fertilized ovum

Question 21

Term referring to the uterine tube

Answer 21

fallopian tube

Question 22

The developing human during the early stages of development (1-8weeks)

Answer 22

embryo

Question 23

Specific genes that regulate early embryonic development

Answer 23

sonic hedgehog SHH

Question 24

Age reference of the embryo using the first day of the last normal menstrual period as a reference for day 1 (2 wks more than fert age)

Answer 24

LMP

Question 25

Period of development from the 1st to 8th week

Answer 25

embryonic period

Question 26

Most critical stages of development

Answer 26

first trimester

Question 27

Term referring to the ability of human embryonic stem cells having the capacity to develop into diverse cell types

Answer 27

pluripotential

Question 28

What do a secondary oocyte and sperm form to create

Answer 28

zygote

Question 29

It is estimated that over _____ of all fertilized ova are spontaneously aborted

Answer 29

50%

Question 30

______% of live born infants have a major birth defect

Answer 30

4-6%

Question 31

Most of the insults that cause defects occur in the _______ after fertilization when basic cell development is taking place

Answer 31

1st 8 weeks

Question 32

Chemicals secreted by embryonic cells determine which genes get activated and therefore, what grows where

Answer 32

molecular signals

Question 33

Proteins that bind to DNA and regulate the expression of genes downstream from the binding site

Answer 33

transcription factors

Question 34

Acts by inhibiting an inhibitor. This is a common method of regulation in embryonic development

Answer 34

SHH