Obesity Treatment: Diet and Physical Activity

Question 1

Typically, surgery is reserved for obesity treatment in those with BMI greater than _____.

Answer 1

40 (or 35 with co-morbidities)

Question 2

Weight bias research has shown that increased BMI in a patient makes physicians more likely to _________________.

Answer 2

(1) view the patient as less disciplined; (2) view the patient as less compliant; (3) find the patient more annoying; and (4) have less desire to help the patient

Question 3

In surveys, people respond best to which term for obesity or being overweight?

Answer 3

Weight

Question 4

An overweight patient comes to see you asking about diets for weight loss. About how many calories should he or she be eating to lose weight?

Answer 4

Men: ~ 1,500 kcal/day
Women: ~ 1,200 kcal/day

Question 5

One study showed that there was no difference in weight change between low-fat and low-carbohydrate diets, but low-carbohydrate diets were better in ________________.

Answer 5

raising HDL

Question 6

Decreasing portion size and energy density have been shown to ______________.

Answer 6

lead to greater weight loss (unsurprisingly)

Question 7

The best diets to maintain weight loss are those that _____________.

Answer 7

have a balance of nutrients

Question 8

Continued ____________ is considered crucial in maintaining weight loss.

Answer 8

personalized contact (such as with a nutritionist or physician)

Question 9

Research shows that decreased time in bed (that is, decreased sleep duration) causes ______________.

Answer 9

increased hunger hormones, and increased desire for sweets and fatty things, and decreased muscle mass

Question 10

Which hormone is referred to as the “hunger hormone”?

Answer 10

Ghrelin

Question 11

If you lose 5 - 10 kg, then ____________ will remain elevated for as much as one year afterward.

Answer 11

ghrelin

Question 12

What five factors were most common among those who had successfully lost weight in the NWCR?

Answer 12

• Use of low-fat, high carbohydrate diet
• Frequent self-monitoring
• Eating breakfast
• Large amounts of physical activity
• Limiting TV time

Question 13

What BMI range is pharmacotherapy reserved for?

Answer 13

Greater than 30 or greater than 27 with co-morbidities

Question 14

Typically, diet and drugs alone (that is, not together) can lower weight by a maximum of ______________.

Answer 14

10%

Question 15

While low-fat diets have been shown to help patients lose weight, ______________ is the most successful in trials.

Answer 15

the Mediterranean diet