Obesity and regulating appetite

Question 1

What are the different cell types in adipose tissue?

Answer 1

Adipocyte (fat cell)

White, brown and beige adipose tissue

Question 2

What are white adipocytes?

Answer 2

Most common adipocytes

Contain a large vacuole that stores lipids

Question 3

Function of subcutaneous white adipocytes

Answer 3

Insulation

Question 4

Brown adipose tissue

Answer 4

• Brown adipose tissue = brown adipocytes that contain many small vacuoles and lots of mitochondria
• BAT oxidises lipids for heat production
  Lots of mitochondria

Question 5

When will WAT browning occur?

Answer 5

Exposure to the cold

Question 6

What is obesity?

Answer 6

A person who is very overweight, with a lot of body fat

Question 7

Calculation for BMI

Answer 7

Body mass / height squared

Question 8

Where is fat typically stored?

Answer 8

Liver and white adipose tissue

Question 9

Where is fat atypically stored?

Answer 9

Liver, muscle and bone

Question 10

Monogenic causes of obesity

Answer 10

Melanocortin-4 receptor mutations
POMC mutations
leptin mutations
Prader-Willi syndrome

Question 11

How to treat sleep apnoea

Answer 11

CPAP

Question 12

Can the brain directly sense nutrients in the blood?

Answer 12

Yes

Question 13

Why is it difficult to lose weight?

Answer 13

Body has a set point it tries to maintain

Question 14

Function of adipose tissue

Answer 14

Insulation, energy storage, heat production