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Metabolism > Diabetes management and treatment t2 > Flashcards

Diabetes management and treatment t2 Flashcards

1
Q

ominous octet

A
  • decreaesd insulin secretion
  • Neurotransmitter dysfunction
  • Increased glucose reabsorption
  • Increased glucagon secretion
  • Decreased incretin effect
  • Increased lipolysis
  • Decreased glucose uptake
  • Increased hepatic glucose production
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2
Q

metformin MOA

A

reduces liver production of glucose, reduced intestinal absorption of glucose and enhanced insulin sensitivity

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3
Q

GLP-1RA MOA

A

Increase insulin and inhibit glucagon

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4
Q

Where do GLP-1RA act ?

A

Liver, pancreas, stomach

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5
Q

Sulphonylureas MOA

A

Binds to ATP sensitive K+ channel

Voltage gated ca2+ channels open which triggers insulin release

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6
Q

Side effects sulphonylureas

A

N/V/D

Constipation, weight gain

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7
Q

Contra-indications of sulphonylureas

A

hepatic and renal impairment , breast feeding

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8
Q

Biguanides MOA

A

Not understood

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9
Q

Biguanides target population

A

Overweight/obese

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10
Q

Side effects biguanides

A

GI upset, decreased B12 absorption

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11
Q

Contra-indications for biguanides

A

hepatic and renal impairment, breast feeding

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12
Q

Meglitinides MOA

A

Same as sulphonylureas

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13
Q

Meglitinides side effects

A

N/v

hypersensitivity reactions

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14
Q

Alpha-glucosidase MOA

A

binds to a-glucosidase enzymes

binding is irreversible so absorption of glucose is slower than usual

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15
Q

Side effects a-glucosidase

A

Flatulence, loose stools, abode pain

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16
Q

Contra-indications a-glucosidase

A

IBD, hepatic/renal impairment, breast feeding

17
Q

Thiazolidinediones MOA

A

Bind to PPAR-y

Causes gene transcription -> insulin signalling

18
Q

Side effects thiazolidnediones

A

GI disturbances, headache etc

19
Q

GLP-1RA MOA

A

Promotes insulin secreting and slows gastric emptying

20
Q

SGLT2 inhibitors MOA

A

Inhibit SGLT2 sodium-glucose co-transporters

in renal PCT = reduced glucose reabsorption

21
Q

SGLT2 inhibitors contra-indications

A

renal impairment, ketoacidosis, pregnancy, breast feeding

Metabolism (24 decks)

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