Ob-Gyn/BW Flashcards
The secretory phase of the menstrual (day 14 - 28) is dominated by what hormone?
Progesterone
Who is more likely to get pre-eclampsia, a nulliparous or multiparous woman?
Nulliparous
Since a genetic cause is the number one reason for primary amenorrhea, what is one very important test?
Karyotype
Purulent cervical discharge should make you think of what diagnosis?
Neisseria Gonorrhea
A description of a young girl with a webbed neck, or wide shield chest should make you think of what diagnosis?
Turner’s Syndrome
Cervical biopsy comes back as CIN 1, what is the next step?
Repeat pap smear in 6 months
Repeat colposcopy in 12 months
What is the most common cause of secondary amenorrhea?
Pregnancy
What 3 labs should you order if you are considering secondary amenorrhea?
TSH, Prolactin, bHCG
Define premature birth?
Delivery of uterine contents between 20-36
A unilateral, single, mobile, firm, non-tender, solid breast mass should make you think of what diagnosis?
Fibroadenoma
Define metrorrhagia
Bleeding between periods
Post-menopausal bleeding is immediately believed to be what diagnosis?
Endometrial cancer (until proven otherwise)
During what portion of the menstrual cycle does PMS occur?
The second half of the menstrual cycle, and the symptoms are relieved by menstruation
How do you treat bacterial vaginosis?
Metronidazole (Flagyl) for 7 days.
What location within the pelvis is endometriosis most commonly found?
In the ovary
What lab test is the gold standard for chlamydia?
Nucleic acid amplification test
Are fibrocystic breast masses usually bilateral or unilateral?
Bilateral
How do you definitively diagnose endometriosis
Exploratory Laparoscopy (Ex-Lap)
What is the most common uterine tumor
Leiomyoma (Fibroids)
What is the ethnic backgrounds that has increased risk for fibroids?
Blacks (5x more likely than whites)
How do you treat vaginal candida
Flucazole PO one day, or Azole cream x 1 week.
First step of treatment for endometrial cancer?
TAH-BSO (Total Abdominal Hysterectomy with Bilateral Salpingo-oophorectory)
If you see the term chocolate cyst it should make you think of what?
Endometrioma
A surge in what hormone leads to ovulation?
LH
A patient presents with irregular menses, hirsutism, and infertility, what is the diagnosis?
PCOS
What endocrine issue is associated with PCOS?
Insulin insensetivity
You have a patient with PCOS, and she wants to get pregnant, what meds are you going to give her?
Clomid, and Metformin (if insulin sensetivity)
What is the medical treatment for early ectopic pregnancy?
Methotrexate
An ovarian cyst that contains hair and teeth, what is the diagnosis?
Terratoma
What is the mean age for ovarian cancer?
63 (think of this in older patients with vague abdominal symptoms)
Define the second stage of labor?
Full dilation to delivery
A 66 year old female presents with bouts of nausea, weight loss, and vague abdominal pain, what is the diagnosis?
Ovarian cancer
When is recommended to begin PAP smears?
21
Cervical biopsy comes back as CINII or CINIII, what is your next step.
LEEP (Loop endoscopic electrocautery procedure, cold knife, or cryotherapy, worry about imcompetent cervix post procedure with the first two)
What are two risk factors for cervical cancer?
Smoking, multiple sex partners
How much time needs to pass before diagnosing secondary amenorrhea?
If cycle has been normal: 3 months
If cycle has been abnormal: 6 months
What is a cystocele?
Herniation of the bladder into vagina
What is the treatment for Turner’s syndrome?
Cyclical estrogen/progesterone replacement therapy
What are the 3 treatments for uterine prolapse?
Kegel excersize, Pessary, Surgical fixation
What is the most common organism that causes mastitis?
S. Aureus
How many weeks pregnant is the uterine at the level of the umbilicus?
20 weeks
What is the most common cause of Post-Partum hemorrhage?
Uterine atony
Define missed abortion?
Death of the fetus with closed cervical os, no vaginal bleeding, products of conception still inside.
What age is primary amenorrhea diagnosed?
14 is no secondary sex characteristics
16 is some secondary sex characteristics
What is the first line of treatment for mastitis?
Dicloxacillin (2nd line: Keflex, or Erythromycin)
Should a breast feeding mother stop breast-feeding if she develops mastitis?
No (an abscess is however a reason to stop)
A physical exam revealing a retroverted uterus or uterosacral ligament nodularity should make you think of what diagnosis?
Endometriosis
At how many weeks of pregnancy can an amniocentesis be done?
15-20
List 4 risk factors for breast cancer?
Nulliparity, early menarche, late menopause, unopposed estrogen, BRCA1 or 2 positive.
What is the average of menopause?
51
Cottage cheese discharge should make you think of what diagnosis?
Candida (Vaginal Candidiasis)
The follicular phase of menstruation is dominated by what hormone?
Estrogen