Neurology/BW Flashcards
You believe a patient has a stroke. He presents with aphasia, loss of hearing in one ear and loss of vision in his left eye. Is the blockage likely in the anterior or posterior circulation?
Posterior
Under what conditions would aspirin or clopidogrel be used following a TIA as prophaylaxis?
These are antiplatelet medications. They would be used unless there is a known cardiac etiology for the embolism. Patients with a cardiac cause should use heparin or coumadin
A patient who is asymptomatic should consider having an endartectomy at what percent blockage of the carotid artery? How about in a symptomatic patient?
70% if asymptomatic and 60% if symptomatic
A patient presents complaining of the worst headache of his life. What might you expect his blood pressure to be?
This is the description for a subarachnoid hemorrhage. Blood pressure would be elevated.
Name abortive migraine drugs
triptans ( sumatriptan, zolmitriptan), ergotamine
An EEG showing focal rhythmic discharges at the onset of the seizure should make you think of what diagnosis
SImple partial seizure
What is the single most important thing to be concerned about with a patient in status epilepticus
Airway then managemnt of hyperthermia
Describe Brudzinski’s sign
lift the patients head and bend at the hips
Name medications used to break a seizure
Diazepam, lorazepam, phenytoin or fosphenytoin.
There is an MRI result of multiple foci of demyelination in the white matter. What is the most likely diagnosis?
Multiple Sclerosis
List 3 medications used to treat multiple sclerosis
Steriods, interferon-beta, copolymer
What is the most common cause of dementia?
Alzheimers ( 80%)
What are the 4 chromosomes that have been linked to dementia?
1,14,19,21
Is the ankle jerk reflex or lumbar or sacral origin?
sacral
A study result comes back with intracellular neurofibrillary tangles and extracellular neuritic plaques. What is the most likely diagnosis?
Alzheimers
A patient complains of an aching headache which feels like a band around his head. What is the most likely diagnosis?
Tension Headache
A patient present with a tremor in his right hand. He states that the tremor goes away completely when he has a beer. What is the most likely diagnosis?
benign essential or familial tremor
Two medications to treat an essential tremor?
Beta blocker ( propanolol), Primidone