OA/RA Flashcards
Osteoarthritis
degeneration of cartilage by hypertrophy of bone at the articular margins
risk factors for OA
>45 yo but can start young < 45 men, > 45 women joint misalignment joint injury obesity contact sports frequent bending and carrying
General OA s/s
insidious onset morning stiffness < 15min heberden nodes bouchard nodes bony and hard joint evening joint stiffness worsens throughout the day
OA radiological findings
asymmetric narrowing of joint space, osteophyte formation, bone cysts asymmetric narrowing of joint space, *osteophyte* formation,
OA tx
mild-moderate in knee/hip: regular exercise like walking or water aerobics
weight loss
use assistive devices i.e. cane
OA medical management
oral/topical NSAIDS- GI toxicity, add PPI if regular use
acetaminophen- Hepatotoxicity
OA Intra-articular injections
moderately severe OA tx refractory to NSAIDS
corticosteroid
hyaluronate
OA surgical measures
total hip replacement
knee replacement
rheumatoid arthritis
chronic systemic inflammatory disease causing synovitis of multiple joints
symmetric polyarthritis w/ articular cartilage and bone destruction
any age
T cell mediated
RA extra-articular manifestations
fatigue skin nodules lung involvement pericarditis vasculitis hematologic abnormalities
RA s/s
insidious onset
morning stiffness >60min
symmetric swelling, tenderness, and pain
rheumatoid nodules
situated on bony prominences and in bursae and tendon sheaths
can be in lungs, heart, and sclerae
Swan neck deformity
hyperextension of PIP joint and flexion of DIP joint
RA labs
+ ESR and CRP
+ anti-CCP antibodies
+ serum RF (non-specific)
synovial analysis (R/O septic joint)
RA DX
based on s/s with lab and radiologic results corroborating information
> 6 score on classification scale
