Antineoplastic Drugs

Question 1

sarcoma

Answer 1

malignant tumor of connective tissue

Question 2

Lymphomas

Answer 2

Cancers that arise in organs of the immune system.

Question 3

carcinoma

Answer 3

Lymphomas
Cancers that arise in organs of the immune system.
carcinoma
a malignant tumor that occurs in epithelial tissue

Question 4

carcinoma
a malignant tumor that occurs in epithelial tissue
Anti-neoplastic drugs

Answer 4

(antimalignant) drugs used to fight abnormal cell division and growths (cancer)

Question 5

Cell cycle-nonspecific drugs

Answer 5

Cytotoxic during any cell-cycle stage

Question 6

drugs that are cytotoxic during a specific cell-cycle phase

Answer 6

cell cycle specific drugs

Question 7

Emetic potential

Answer 7

the potential of a drug to cause nausea and vomiting

Question 8

Dose-limiting adverse effects

Answer 8

the patient can no longer tolerate an increase in dosage that may be necessary to adequately treat the cancer and achieve good disease response

Question 9

Methotrexate

Answer 9

Antimetabolite

Question 10

Mitotic Inhibitors

Answer 10

Paclitaxel (taxol), docetaxel (taxotere); indicated for breast cancer, ovarian cancer, on-small-cell-lung cancer, Kaposi sarcoma; adverse reactions: decreased WBCs & RBCs, alopecia, NVD, joint, muscle pain; monitor for S&S of infection; administer antiemetics and antidiarrheals

Question 11

Topoisomerase inhibitors

Answer 11

Etoposide
Teniposide
Irinotecan
Topotecan

Question 12

Antineoplastic enzymes

Answer 12

may cause impaired pancreatic function

Question 13

Alkylating agents

Answer 13

anti-neoplastic- interferes with rapid DNA replication
used: leukemia, multiple myeloma
Csplatin, busulfan (Mylerin), cyclophosphamide (Cytoxin)
adfx: very hepatotoxic, basic chemo adfx: bone marrow suppression, decreased WBC, platelets, RBCs, bleeding, GI s/s, alopecia, lost nails, infertility
check hematopoesis, CBC

Question 14

Cytotoxic Antibiotics: Indications

Answer 14

Used in combination chemotherapy regimens
Used to treat a variety of solid tumors and
some hematologic malignancies
Leukemia, ovarian, breast, bone
Squamous cell carcinomas
AIDS-related Kaposi’s sarcoma

Question 15

Hormonal Antineoplastics

Answer 15

Tamoxifen

Question 16

Side effects of methotrexate

Answer 16

Bone marrow suppression (all should be on folic acid supplementation)

• Hepatotoxicity
• Oral ulcers/stomatitis

Question 17

nadir

Answer 17

lowest point in any fluctuating value over time, for example, the lowest white blood cell count measured after the count has been depressed by chemotherapy

Question 18

signs and symptoms of low RBC

Answer 18

hypoxia, fatigue

Question 19

Leukovorin

Answer 19

Used in cases of over-dosage or high dose methotrexate protocols. Provides cells w/ reduced folate overcoming blockade by methotrexate
Also Used to increase Cytotoxic effects of 5-Flurouracil! incorporates more 5-FU into RNA

Question 20

How to assess for stomatitis

Answer 20

examine mouth and mucous membranes daily

Question 21

chemotherapy spill kit

Answer 21

used to clean spilled chemotherapy

Question 22

Extravasation

Answer 22

leakage from a vessel into the tissue

Question 23

Cell non-specific drugs advantages

Answer 23

Cytotoxic in every cell cycle

Question 24

Octreotide (Sandostatin)

Answer 24

Antidiarrheal

Question 25

Neutropenia causes

Answer 25

sepsis/postinfection
drugs (e.g. chemotherapy, others)
aplastic anemia
SLE
radiation
Neutropenia
deficiency of neutrophils
2

Question 26

Neutropenia

Answer 26

deficiency of neutrophils