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Loco 2 > OA > Flashcards

OA Flashcards

1
Q

what cartilage in knee etc

A

hyaline

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2
Q

what nodes in the fingers in OA

A

bouchards at the pips
heberdens at the dips

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3
Q

menisci are what cartilage

A

fibro cartilage

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4
Q

where do you see OA in 20 year olds? what are they called

A

spinal column
syndesmophytes

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5
Q

what cells live in hyaline cartilage and how are they nourished

A

chondrocytes diffusion (hyaline carilage is avascular)

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6
Q

what is the line between the the articular cartilage and the calcified zome called?

A

tidemark

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7
Q

describe the layers of articular cartilage

A
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8
Q

how much % of articular cartilage is chondrocytes

A

5

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9
Q

deeper chondrocytes have a lot of

A

golgi and endoplasmic reticulum

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10
Q

what draws water in to hydrate art cartilage. how?

A

proteoglycans. high neg charge

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11
Q

what collagens art cart

A

2 at the top, 10 at the bottom
2 is most common

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12
Q

which layer of art cart is compressable>? how

A

middle, criss-cross collagen

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13
Q
A
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14
Q

which OA has the highest genetic link. how much

A

spinal 70%

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15
Q

what is the alternative name of COX2. what is the relevance to OA

A

PTGS2 - increased inflammation, oxidative stress

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16
Q

what comes first in OA? synovitis or cartilage/bone pathology

A

cart bone

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17
Q

what is the main cause of loss of funct in OA

A

synovitis

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18
Q

women are most sussceptible to knee OA becaus

A

Q angle is bigger

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19
Q

major factor in oa progression. which gene? what does it do

A

loss of superficial chondrocytes
HMGB2
loss of progenitor cells
reduced synthesis of ECM components

20
Q

3 phases of OA

A

fibrillation
erosion
eburnation (complete loss of cartilage)

21
Q

which condition would see duplication of the tidemark

A

OA

22
Q

in OA what can happen to the collagen in the joint

A

change from 2 to 1
less compressable, rougher

23
Q

what is this sign of OA

A

isogenic clusters
few chondrocytes nearby so cells cluster to compensate

24
Q

what enzymes are released from stressed chondrocytes in OA

A

MMPs
collagenases
ADAMTs

25
Q

what is softening of collagen called

A

chondromalacia

26
Q

which specific MMP is linked with OA

A

MMP13

27
Q

what is the conseauence of loss of proteoglycans in the superficial layer of art cart in OA

A

dehydration

28
Q

3 bone consequences of OA

A

subchondral cysts
sclerotic (denser, woven) bone
vascular engorgement leading to bone marrow oedema

29
Q

where do osteophytes grow? where do you see it? Why?

A

all over
only at joint margins
gets worn down at articular surfaces

30
Q

example of COX-2 inh

A

celecoxib

31
Q

what is thw trigger for writing an OA referral to surgery

A

waking at night from pain

32
Q

3 pre-replacement surgical options for OA

A

washin and debridement
micro-fracture
chodrocyte grafting

33
Q

women show more severe OA symptoms in which joints

A

hand and knee

34
Q

premature polyarticular OA has a genetic component. the genes coding for what are broken

A

collagen 2

35
Q

what are the big 3 co-morbidities

A

CV
OA
MH

36
Q

pseudogout??

A
37
Q

Perthe’s disease

A
38
Q

grading of OA

A

Grade 0
Normal
Grade 1
Very minor bone spur no pain or discomfort
Grade 2
1st time people experience symptoms, pain on walking more bone spurs
Grade 3
Moderate OA with frequent pain and joint stiffness especially after rest, cartilage shows damage
Grade 4
Severe OA with dramatic loss of joint space high levels of pain and discomfort during walking or moving joint

39
Q

what is pseudolaxity

A

loss of cartilage in eg knee causes loss of joint height so ligament becomes lax despite being normal length and tension

40
Q

what is erosive OA and where

A

erosions in the dip and pip joints. very deforming
severe subset of nodal generalised OA.
can be confused with RA.
inflammatory
gullwing joint appearance on OA

41
Q

erosive arthritis new tx

A

tnf inhibitor

42
Q

where does OA start

A

in the cartilage

43
Q

which IL causes morning stiffness in RA and OA

A

6

44
Q

how long is mornin stiddness in RA/OA

A

> 60mins
<60 mins

45
Q
A

Loco 2 (17 decks)

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