children orthopaedics

Question 1

which arch is wrong in flat feet and what can be wrong with the cuneiform bones

Answer 1

medial longditudinal
square instead of triangle

Question 2

persistent toe walking can suggest

Answer 2

CP
Duchenne muscular dystrophy or nervous system probs

Question 3

club foot proper term

Answer 3

talipes equinovarus

Question 4

which gender club foot, what ratio

Answer 4

m 2:1

Question 5

main risk club foot

Answer 5

oligohydramnios

Question 6

club foot on ultrasound

Answer 6

foot pointed down or inwards

Question 7

tx of club foot

Answer 7

Ponseti method - plaster of paris

Question 8

which gender congenital hip dysplasia - why

Answer 8

f - more receptors for relaxin

Question 9

signs of congenital hip dysplasia in a baby

Answer 9

Double crease, leg turned into external rotation and asymmetric gluteal folds

Question 10

Barlow, Ortolani tests

Answer 10

Question 11

what is Galeazzi sign

Answer 11

leg length discrpancy in congenital hip displasia

Question 12

tx congenital hip displasia

Answer 12

Pavlick harness In harness for at least 6 weeks full-time and 6 weeks part-time 80-95% success

Question 13

most common presentation of CHD in older children

Answer 13

discrepancy of abduction of hips

Question 14

when does femoral head ossify

Answer 14

4-6 months

Question 15

which imaging CHD in babies

Answer 15

USS

Question 16

name these lines

Answer 16

red: Perkin
Yellow: hilgenreiner
Green: Shenton
blue: acetabular index

Question 17

what position are legs in in Pavlick harness

Answer 17

flexed and abducted

Question 18

when do you need a better tx than Pavlick harness

Answer 18

if hip not reduced after 3 weeks

Question 19

if CHD not resolved by 18months what do you do

Answer 19

femoral with or without pelvic osteotomies

Question 20

what is perthes disease

Answer 20

avascular necrosis of femoral head

Question 21

which gender Perthes

Answer 21

m

Question 22

when is it better to get Perthes

Answer 22

younger <5

Question 23

SUFE presentation

Answer 23

external rotation and leg shortening

Question 24

which leg has a problem. what problem? what diagnosis

Answer 24

left leg can’t internally rotate

SUFE

Question 25

what is this line what does it show

Answer 25

Klein’s line is drawn along superior border of femoral neck should cross at least a portion of the femoral head. When SUFE the femoral head drops below this line.

Question 26

tx for SUFE

Answer 26

close epiphyseal growth plates on BOTH sides, even though if only one of them has slipped