Nutritional management of CKD

Question 1

List 6 characteristics of a CKD diet

Answer 1

protein restriction
phosphate restriction
high palatability and calorie content
potassium and vitamin B supplementation
non-acidifying
omega 3 fetty acids

Question 2

why do CKD diets need to be highly palatable

Answer 2

these patients are often sick and don’t want to eat

Question 3

If a patient won’t eat what do we need to do

Answer 3

provide appetite stimulant
anti-emetic

tube feed if neccessary

Question 4

why do we reduce protein in CKD patients

Answer 4

accumulation of protein breakdown products is one of the causes of uraemic clinical signs - reduced protein reduces the severity of azotaemia and associated clinical signs

Question 5

why do we restrict phosphate in CKD patients

Answer 5

they often have hyperphosphataemia and this damages the kidneys

Question 6

benefits of fibre addition to diet

Answer 6

nitrogenous waste products (i.e. urea) bound in the bowel and eliminated with the faeces rather than being absorbed into the body

Question 7

benefits of non-acidifying renal diets

Answer 7

prevents the development of metabolic acidosis