Nutritional assessment Flashcards
What is the primary energy source of the body? What organ can ONLY use these?
Carbohydrates
brain
Basic building blocks of cells.
Proteins
Used for energy storage, maintaining blood sugar, producing hormones and vitamins.
Lipids
What are the different primary nutrients?
Carbs, proteins, lipids, vitamins and minerals, supplements, water, electrolytes
What are some health promotion topics related to food safety?
Proper cooking, refrigeration and canning practices
What are some tips on eating fruit for travellers?
If you can’t peel it, don’t eat it
What is the oral rehydration recipe?
salt and water for electrolytes for adequate hydration
What are some immunization health promotion topics for those considering travel?
Dukarol vaccine
publically funded rotavirus vaccine
Who is someone we can refer patients too if they have food insecurity?
Dietician or nutritionist
How do medications affect nutrition?
Can change the absorption of nutrients, cause nausea, diarrhea, constipation.
can also affect fluid balance.
What are some ways that lifestyle choices impact nutrition?
Choosing to eat fast food vs. vegetables
alcohol consumption, smoking
How does smoking affect appetite?
suppresses it
How do geographical areas impact nutrition?
Some areas make it more expensive or difficult to get healthy food.
How does education level impact nutrition?
People may not have the education required to understand nutrition
When is breast feeding best?
What do we need to supplement these infants with?
first 4-6 months
need to supplement with
400 international units of vitamin D per day
If mother’s choose not to breast feed their children, how much formula should they get?
150mL/kg/day
When should solids be introduced (roughly)? What should be introduced first? Last?
At around 6 months
introduce proteins first
vegetables and fruits should be introduced last
What is the only real food to avoid giving to children before they reach the age of 1?
Honey - because there can be bacteria
What type of milk should children aged - have? Why?
1-2 years
Whole milk
lots of calories to help with brain development
What macronutrient to adolescents need more of? Why?
Proteins to support rapid growth
What does the SCOFF questionaire investigate?
Adolescent’s relationship with food
What is the best way to bring up someone’s weight?
Bring up concern when discussing it, but ask them permission to discuss weight first.
All women of childbearing years should take _____ ______ supplement (___mg) to reduce incidence of neural tube defects.
These should be taken __-___ months before conception.
folic acid
0.4mg
3-6
How many extra calories do women need in their second trimester?
Third?
2nd - 350
3rd - 450
If there is a history of spina bifida, what dose is recommended?
1.5mg
What are some methods to help with nausea and vomitting in pregnancy?
eat more frequently and smaller meals
ginger
Diplectin - B vitamin and anti-histamine
What hormone causes vomitting and nausea in pregnancy?
Beta-hCG