Nutrition in pregnancy and lactation

Question 1

Why are maternal nutritional demands increased?

Answer 1

Development of placenta
Enlargement of the uterus
Formation of amniotic fluid
Increase in blood volume
Preparation of breasts for lactation

Question 2

What is the daily caloric increase recommended during the second trimester of pregnancy?

Answer 2

340 calories

Question 3

What is the daily caloric increase recommended during the third trimester of pregnancy?

Answer 3

452 calories

Question 4

Achieving an appropriate amount of weight gain during pregnancy does what?

Answer 4

Prepares woman for energy demands of labor and lactation

Contributes to delivery of a newborn of normal birth weight

Question 5

Recommended weight gain during pregnancy depends on what?

Answer 5

BMI

weight prior to pregnancy

Question 6

Recommended weight gain during first trimester of pregnancy?

Answer 6

2-4 lb

Question 7

Recommended weight gain during trimesters 2 and 3 for a normal weight client?

Answer 7

1 lb/week for a total of 25 to 35 lb

Question 8

Recommended weight gain during trimesters 2 and 3 for underweight client?

Answer 8

just more than 1 lb/week for a total of 28 to 40 lb

Question 9

Recommended weight gain during trimesters 2 and 3 for overweight clients?

Answer 9

0.66 lb/week for a total of 15 to 25 lb

Question 10

If a client is breastfeeding during the postpartum period, an additional daily intake of how many calories is recommended for the first 6 months?

Answer 10

330 calories

Question 11

If a client is breastfeeding during the postpartum period, an additional daily intake of how many calories is recommended for the second 6 months?

Answer 11

400 calories

Question 12

How much protein should comprise of the daily total calorie intake?

Answer 12

20% of daily total calorie intake; of 1.1 g/kg/day

Question 13

Essential for rapid tissue growth of maternal and fetal structures, amniotic fluid, and extra blood volume

Answer 13

Protein

Question 14

What should fat be limited to?

Answer 14

30% of total daily calorie intake

Question 15

How much of the daily calorie intake should be carbohydrates?

Answer 15

50%

Question 16

Essential for blood formation, absorption of iron, and development of fetal tissue

Answer 16

Vitamins

Question 17

what is the RDA for protein during pregnancy and lactation?

Answer 17

71 g

Question 18

What is the RDA for vitamin A during pregnancy?

Answer 18

770 mcg

Question 19

What is the RDA for vitamin A during lactation?

Answer 19

1,300 mcg

Question 20

What is the RDA for vitamin C during pregnancy?

Answer 20

85 mg

Question 21

What is the RDA for vitamin C during lactation?

Answer 21

120 mg

Question 22

What is the RDA for vitamin D during pregnancy and lactation?

Answer 22

5 mcg

Question 23

What is the RDA for vitamin E during pregnancy?

Answer 23

15 mcg

Question 24

What is the RDA for vitamin E during lactation?

Answer 24

19 mcg

Question 25

What is the RDA for vitamin K during pregnancy and lactation?

Answer 25

90 mcg

Question 26

What is the RDA for thiamin during pregnancy and lactation?

Answer 26

1.4 mg

Question 27

What is the RDA for vitamin B6 during pregnancy?

Answer 27

1.9 mg

Question 28

What is the RDA for vitamin B6 during lactation?

Answer 28

2.0 mg

Question 29

What is the RDA for folate during pregnancy?

Answer 29

600 mcg

Question 30

What is the RDA for folate during lactation?

Answer 30

500 mcg

Question 31

What is the RDA for vitamin B12 during pregnancy?

Answer 31

2.6 mcg

Question 32

What is the RDA for vitamin B12 during lactation?

Answer 32

2.8 mcg

Question 33

What is the RDA for calcium during pregnancy and lactation?

Answer 33

1,000 mg

Question 34

What is the RDA for iron during pregnancy?

Answer 34

27 mg

Question 35

What is the RDA for iron during lactation?

Answer 35

9 mg

Question 36

What is the daily dietary recommendation for fluid?

Answer 36

2,000 to 3,000 mL

Question 37

Crosses the placenta and can affect the movement and HR of the fetus

Answer 37

Caffeine

Question 38

How much caffeine is considered moderate use and appears not harmful to the fetus?

Answer 38

less than 300 mg/day

Question 39

How much folic acid is recommended per day during pregnancy?

Answer 39

600 mcg per day

Question 40

How much folic acid should a lactating woman get per day?

Answer 40

500 mcg per day

Question 41

Necessary for neurological development of the fetus and to prevent birth defects; essential for maternal RBC formation

Answer 41

Folic acid

Question 42

Food sources for folic acid

Answer 42

Green leafy vegetables Enriched grains Orange juice

Question 43

Food sources of iron

Answer 43

Dairy products | Meats (esp red meats)

Question 44

Consuming foods high in __________ aid in absorption of iron

Answer 44

Vitamin C

Question 45

__________ and ________ are common during pregnancy

Answer 45

Nausea and constipation

Question 46

Teaching for nausea in pregnancy

Answer 46

Eat dry crackers or toast Avoid alcohol, caffeine, fats, and spices Avoid drinking fluids with meals Do not take meds to control nausea without checking with the provider

Question 47

Teaching for constipation during pregnancy

Answer 47

Increase fluid consumption include extra fiber in diet Fruits, vegetables, and whole grains contain fiber

Question 48

Maternal genetic disease in which high levels of phenylalanine poses danger to the fetus

Answer 48

Maternal phenylketonuria (PKU)

Question 49

When should a client resume the PKU diet?

Answer 49

At least 3 months prior to pregnancy and continue it thru pregnancy

Question 50

What foods should a client on a PKU diet avoid?

Answer 50

Foods high in protein - fish, poultry, meat, eggs, nuts, dairy products

Question 51

Interventions for PKU will prevent what?

Answer 51

Mental retardation | Behavioral problems