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Nutrition ATI > Nutrition in pregnancy and lactation > Flashcards

Nutrition in pregnancy and lactation Flashcards

1
Q

Why are maternal nutritional demands increased?

A 
Development of placenta
Enlargement of the uterus
Formation of amniotic fluid
Increase in blood volume
Preparation of breasts for lactation
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2
Q

What is the daily caloric increase recommended during the second trimester of pregnancy?

A

340 calories

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3
Q

What is the daily caloric increase recommended during the third trimester of pregnancy?

A

452 calories

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4
Q

Achieving an appropriate amount of weight gain during pregnancy does what?

A

Prepares woman for energy demands of labor and lactation

Contributes to delivery of a newborn of normal birth weight

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5
Q

Recommended weight gain during pregnancy depends on what?

A

BMI

weight prior to pregnancy

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6
Q

Recommended weight gain during first trimester of pregnancy?

A

2-4 lb

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7
Q

Recommended weight gain during trimesters 2 and 3 for a normal weight client?

A

1 lb/week for a total of 25 to 35 lb

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8
Q

Recommended weight gain during trimesters 2 and 3 for underweight client?

A

just more than 1 lb/week for a total of 28 to 40 lb

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9
Q

Recommended weight gain during trimesters 2 and 3 for overweight clients?

A

0.66 lb/week for a total of 15 to 25 lb

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10
Q

If a client is breastfeeding during the postpartum period, an additional daily intake of how many calories is recommended for the first 6 months?

A

330 calories

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11
Q

If a client is breastfeeding during the postpartum period, an additional daily intake of how many calories is recommended for the second 6 months?

A

400 calories

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12
Q

How much protein should comprise of the daily total calorie intake?

A

20% of daily total calorie intake; of 1.1 g/kg/day

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13
Q

Essential for rapid tissue growth of maternal and fetal structures, amniotic fluid, and extra blood volume

A

Protein

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14
Q

What should fat be limited to?

A

30% of total daily calorie intake

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15
Q

How much of the daily calorie intake should be carbohydrates?

A

50%

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16
Q

Essential for blood formation, absorption of iron, and development of fetal tissue

A

Vitamins

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17
Q

what is the RDA for protein during pregnancy and lactation?

A

71 g

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18
Q

What is the RDA for vitamin A during pregnancy?

A

770 mcg

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19
Q

What is the RDA for vitamin A during lactation?

A

1,300 mcg

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20
Q

What is the RDA for vitamin C during pregnancy?

A

85 mg

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21
Q

What is the RDA for vitamin C during lactation?

A

120 mg

22
Q

What is the RDA for vitamin D during pregnancy and lactation?

A

5 mcg

23
Q

What is the RDA for vitamin E during pregnancy?

A

15 mcg

24
Q

What is the RDA for vitamin E during lactation?

A

19 mcg

25
Q

What is the RDA for vitamin K during pregnancy and lactation?

A

90 mcg

26
Q

What is the RDA for thiamin during pregnancy and lactation?

A

1.4 mg

27
Q

What is the RDA for vitamin B6 during pregnancy?

A

1.9 mg

28
Q

What is the RDA for vitamin B6 during lactation?

A

2.0 mg

29
Q

What is the RDA for folate during pregnancy?

A

600 mcg

30
Q

What is the RDA for folate during lactation?

A

500 mcg

31
Q

What is the RDA for vitamin B12 during pregnancy?

A

2.6 mcg

32
Q

What is the RDA for vitamin B12 during lactation?

A

2.8 mcg

33
Q

What is the RDA for calcium during pregnancy and lactation?

A

1,000 mg

34
Q

What is the RDA for iron during pregnancy?

A

27 mg

35
Q

What is the RDA for iron during lactation?

A

9 mg

36
Q

What is the daily dietary recommendation for fluid?

A

2,000 to 3,000 mL

37
Q

Crosses the placenta and can affect the movement and HR of the fetus

A

Caffeine

38
Q

How much caffeine is considered moderate use and appears not harmful to the fetus?

A

less than 300 mg/day

39
Q

How much folic acid is recommended per day during pregnancy?

A

600 mcg per day

40
Q

How much folic acid should a lactating woman get per day?

A

500 mcg per day

41
Q

Necessary for neurological development of the fetus and to prevent birth defects; essential for maternal RBC formation

A

Folic acid

42
Q

Food sources for folic acid

A

Green leafy vegetables
Enriched grains
Orange juice

43
Q

Food sources of iron

A

Dairy products

Meats (esp red meats)

44
Q

Consuming foods high in __________ aid in absorption of iron

A

Vitamin C

45
Q

__________ and ________ are common during pregnancy

A

Nausea and constipation

46
Q

Teaching for nausea in pregnancy

A

Eat dry crackers or toast
Avoid alcohol, caffeine, fats, and spices
Avoid drinking fluids with meals
Do not take meds to control nausea without checking with the provider

47
Q

Teaching for constipation during pregnancy

A

Increase fluid consumption
include extra fiber in diet
Fruits, vegetables, and whole grains contain fiber

48
Q

Maternal genetic disease in which high levels of phenylalanine poses danger to the fetus

A

Maternal phenylketonuria (PKU)

49
Q

When should a client resume the PKU diet?

A

At least 3 months prior to pregnancy and continue it thru pregnancy

50
Q

What foods should a client on a PKU diet avoid?

A

Foods high in protein - fish, poultry, meat, eggs, nuts, dairy products

51
Q

Interventions for PKU will prevent what?

A

Mental retardation

Behavioral problems

Nutrition ATI (25 decks)

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