Metabolic Rate

Question 1

Sum of all chemical processes that occur on a cellular level to maintain homeostasis; nutrients must enter a cell in order for it occur

Answer 1

Metabolism

Question 2

Breaking down of substances with the resultant release of energy

Answer 2

Catabolism

Question 3

Use of energy to build or repair substances

Answer 3

Anabolism

Question 4

Excess glucose is converted to ______ and stored where?

Answer 4

Glycogen, liver and muscle tissue

Question 5

Surplus glucose is converted to

Answer 5

Fat

Question 6

Glycerol and fatty acids are reassembled into _______ and stored where

Answer 6

Triglycerides, adipose tissue

Question 7

Amount of energy used when the body is at rest

Answer 7

Basal metabolic rate

Question 8

BMR is primarily affected by

Answer 8

Lean body mass and hormones

Question 9

Lean muscular body build affects BMR how

Answer 9

Increase

Question 10

Short, overweight body build affects BMR how

Answer 10

Decrease

Question 11

Starvation/malnutrition affects BMR how

Answer 11

Decrease

Question 12

Exposure to extreme cold affects BMR how

Answer 12

Increase

Question 13

Prolonged stress affects BMR how

Answer 13

Increase

Question 14

Rapid growth periods (infancy, puberty) affects BMR how

Answer 14

Increase

Question 15

Pregnancy affects BMR how

Answer 15

Increase

Question 16

Lactation affects BMR how

Answer 16

Increase

Question 17

Over 60 years of age affects BMR how

Answer 17

Decrease

Question 18

Physical conditioning affects BMR how

Answer 18

Increase

Question 19

Conditions that increase metabolism

Answer 19

Fever
Involuntary muscle tremors i.e. shivering or Parkinsons
Hyperthyroidism
Cancer
Cardiac failure
Some anemias
Hypertension
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Burns
Surgery/wound healing
HIV/AIDS

Question 20

Conditions that decrease metabolism

Answer 20

Hypothyroidism

Question 21

Medications that increase BMR

Answer 21

Somatroprin (genotropin)
Prednisone (Deltasone)
Hydrocortisone (Cortef)
Epinephrine hydrochloride
Levothyroxine sodium (Synthroid)
Glucagon
Ephedrine sulfate
Amitriptyline (Elavil)

Question 22

Positive nitrogen balance occurs when

Answer 22

Periods of growth
Infancy
Childhood
Adolescence
Pregnancy
Lactation

Question 23

Negative nitrogen balance occurs when

Answer 23

Illness
Trauma
Immobility
Malnutrition

Question 24

What are strategies to increase protein and caloric content?

Answer 24

Add skim milk powder to milk (double strength milk)
Substitute whole milk for water in recipes
Add cheese, peanut butter, chopped hard-cooked eggs, or yogurt to foods
Dip meats in eggs or milk and coat with bread crumbs before cooking