GI disorders Flashcards
Low-fiber diets avoid foods that are high in..?
Residue content, such as whole-grain breads and cereals, raw fruits
Low-fiber diets are used short term for:
Diarrhea
Acute diverticulitis
Malabsorption syndromes
Prep for bowel surgery
Once a clients n/v sx subside, what should you begin with for diet?
Clear liquids, followed by full liquids, and advance as tolerated
What kinds of foods are well tolerated for n/v?
Low-fat carb foods - crackers, toast, oatmeal, bland fruit
What are some interventions for clients with n/v?
Avoid liquids with meals, serve foods at room temp or chilled, avoid high fat foods
What should you do for anorexic pts?
Provide small frequent meals
Avoid high-fat foods
Provide liquid supplements between meals to improve protein and calorie intake
How much fiber should women have per day?
25 g/day
How much fiber should men have per day?
38 g/day
Clients with dysphagia are at an increased risk for?
Aspiration
Why should you provide oral care prior to eating for clients with dysphagia?
enhance sense of taste
Occurs as a complication of gastric surgeries that inhibit the ability of the pyloric sphincter to control the movement of food into the sm intestine
Dumping syndrome
Dumping results in:
Nausea Distention Cramping pains Diarrhea All within 15 min of eating!
Interventions for dumping syndrome:
Sm, freq meals
Consumption of protein and fat at each meal
Avoid food that contains concentrated sugars
Restrict lactose intake
Consume liquids 1 hr before or after eating instead of during meals (dry diet)
Interventions for GERD
Encourage weight loss
Avoid lg meals and bedtime snacks
Avoid trigger foods (citrus fruits and juices, spicy foods, carbonated beverages)
Avoid items that reduce lower esophageal sphincter pressure (fatty foods, caffeine, chocolate, alcohol, cigarette smoke, peppermint and spearmint flavors)
Interventions for gastritis
Avoid eating freq meals and snacks
Avoid alcohol, cigarette smoking, aspirin and other NSAIDs, coffee, black pepper, spicy foods, and caffeine
What may cause peptic ulcer disease?
Bacterial infection with helicobacter pylori or chronic use of NSAIDs
Interventions/teaching for ilestomies and colostomies?
Advise client to consume diet high in fluids and soluble fiber
Avoid foods that cause gas (beans, eggs, carbonated beverages), stomal blockage (nuts, raw carrots, popcorn), foods that produce odor (eggs, fish, garlic)
Additional calories and protein are needed to promote healing of stoma site
What may prevent diverticulitis?
Diet high in fiber
What is prescribed during acute diverticulitis?
Low-fiber diet
What kind of diets should people with inflammatory bowel disease eat?
Low-fiber to minimize bowel stimulation
What should be limited for pts with cholecystitis?
Fat intake
What are other foods that may cause issues with pts with cholecystitis?
Coffee Broccoli Cauliflower Brussels sprouts Cabbage Onions Legumes Highly seasoned foods
What is prescribed for pts with acute pancreatitis?
NPO and a NG tube to suction gastric contents
Nutritional therapy for chronic pancreatitis includes what?
Low-fat, high-protein, and high-carb diet
May include providing supplements of Vitamin C and B-complex vitamins
What needs are increased for liver disease?
Protein needs
What kind of supplements may be necessary for liver disease?
Multivitamins (B, C, K) and mineral supplements
