Nutrition in animals

Question 1

What is balanced diet.

Answer 1

a diet consisting of a variety of different types of food and providing adequate amounts of the nutrients necessary for good health.

Question 2

What are the 7 food groups

Answer 2

Carbohydrates
Proteins
Lipids
Vitamins
Minerals
Dietary Fibre
Water

Question 3

Function and source of Carbohydrates

Answer 3

To provide the body with energy

bread cereals pasta rice potatoes

Question 4

Function and source of Protein

Answer 4

Growth and repair of our body

fish meat eggs nuts pulses

Question 5

Function and source of Lipids

Answer 5

Energy source

oils butter nuts

Question 6

Function and source of Dietary

Answer 6

helps digestions go smoother, provides bulk to the intestines to help push food through.
fruits and vegetable

Question 7

Function and source of Minerals

Answer 7

needed in small quantities to maintain health

fruits, vegetables, meat and dairy products

Question 8

Function and source of water

Answer 8

Needed for chemical reactions to take place in cells

water, juice milk, fruit vegetable

Question 9

Function, source and deficiency of Vitamin A

Answer 9

Needed for vision, especially night.
deficiency= night blindness
carrots green vegetables fish cheese eggs.

Question 10

Function, source and deficiency of Vitamin C

Answer 10

forms essential part of collagen protein, which makes up skin, hair, gums, bones
Deficiency = scurvy
citrus fruits, strawberries, green vegetables.

Question 11

Function, source and deficiency of Vitamin D

Answer 11

Helps body absorb calcium, so required for strong bones and teeth
deficiency= rickets
oily fish eggs liver dairy products, also naturally made by sunlight.

Question 12

Function, source and deficiency of Calcium

Answer 12

Needed for strong teeth and bones and involved in clotting of blood..
Deficiency= osteoporosis later in life
milk cheese eggs

Question 13

Function, source and deficiency of Iron

Answer 13

Need to make hemoglobin, pigment in RBC that transports oxygen.
Deficiency= anemia
red meat, liver, leafy green vegetables.

Question 14

What is energy requirement and what are the factors that affect it.

Answer 14

Energy requirement is the amount of calories a person should consume according to there Age, Activity levels and pregnancy.

Question 15

How does age affect energy requirement

Answer 15

Amount of energy young people need would increases towards their adulthood as this energy is required for growth.
Energy need of adults decreases as they age

Question 16

How does Activity levels affect energy requirement

Answer 16

The more active the more energy required as their muscles contracting more and respiring faster.

Question 17

How does Pregnancy affect energy requirement

Answer 17

During pregnancy, energy requirement increase as energy needed to support the growth of the developing fetus, as well as the larger mass the female needs to carry around.

Question 18

investigate the energy content in a food sample

Answer 18

1. Measure a set volume of water and pour into a boiling tube
2. Record the starting temperature of the water
3. Record the mass of the food sample
4. Set food sample alight and put underneath the boiling tube to heat the water until it burns out
5. Record the final temperature of the water
6. Use the equation = energy transferred(j) = mass of water(g) 4.2 temperature increase(°C) / mass of food(g)

Question 19

How can investigate the energy content in a food sample be improved and possible errors.

Answer 19

1. Incomplete burning of the food sample
2. Heat energy lost whilst getting food to light and moving to hold under the boiling tube does not go towards heating up the water
3. Not all the heat energy given off will go directly into 4.heating up the water, some will heat up the air
4. Food samples may not all be held in the same place under the boiling tube
5. Solid fats in the food sample may melt and drip, meaning they are not being burned and no heat energy is received from them