Nutrition for sport and exercise (topic 16)

Question 1

what are ways to monitor hydration status in athletes

Answer 1

urine color, and weight before and after exercise

Question 2

what is energy balance

Answer 2

a close match between energy intake and energy expenditure of a person resulting in no or little change in body mass

Question 3

explain the role of ATP in muscle contraction

Answer 3

Sliding filament theory
ATP -> ADP + P provides energy the myosin heads to move for muscle contraction

Question 4

What is cell respiration?

Answer 4

the controlled release of energy in the form of ATP from organic compounds in cells

Question 5

what is lypolysis?

Answer 5

the breakdown of lipids into fatty acids

Question 6

where are triglycerides stored?

Answer 6

adipose tisse and skeletal muscles

Question 7

where is glycogen store?

Answer 7

skeletal muscle and liver

Question 8

what is anaerobic catabolism?

Answer 8

the breakdown of molecules (no oxygen)

Question 9

what is aerobic catabolism?

Answer 9

oxidized chemical reactions that break down molecules, releases energy

Question 10

100 g of protein produces how much energy?

Answer 10

1720 KJ

Question 11

100 g of carbs produces how much energy?

Answer 11

1760 KJ

Question 12

100 g of fat produces how much energy?

Answer 12

4000 KJ

Question 13

What can be synthesized by the human body?

Answer 13

non-essential amino acids

Question 14

Structure of a protein

Answer 14

CHON

Question 15

What are the maconutrients?

Answer 15

Proteins, carbs, fat, water

Question 16

function of carbs

Answer 16

main source of energy (broken down in glucose molecule

Question 17

function of fats

Answer 17

low intensity fuel source (broken down into fatty acids)

Question 18

function of proteins

Answer 18

build and repair muscle cells, providing nutrient transport

Question 19

What is a condensation reaction?

Answer 19

when 2 molecules combine with the loss of H2O (how polysaccarides form)

Question 20

what is a triglyceride?

Answer 20

1 glycerol, 3 fatty acids

Question 21

what is an unsaturated molecule?

Answer 21

double/triple bonds

Question 22

what is a saturated molecule?

Answer 22

single bonds

Question 23

structure of glucose molecule?

Answer 23

C6H12O6

Question 24

function of water

Answer 24

hydration, thermoregulation, needed fro biological rxns

Question 25

what component of the aerobic system produces the greatest number of ATP?

Answer 25

electron transport chain (34 ATP/glucose molecule)

Question 26

what is oxygen deficit?

Answer 26

difference between oxygen required and the actual oxygen consumed (warm up)

Question 27

What is oxygen debt?

Answer 27

even though the muscles have ceased to work, demand for oxygen remains