Nutrition for sport and exercise (topic 16) Flashcards
(27 cards)
what are ways to monitor hydration status in athletes
urine color, and weight before and after exercise
what is energy balance
a close match between energy intake and energy expenditure of a person resulting in no or little change in body mass
explain the role of ATP in muscle contraction
Sliding filament theory
ATP -> ADP + P provides energy the myosin heads to move for muscle contraction
What is cell respiration?
the controlled release of energy in the form of ATP from organic compounds in cells
what is lypolysis?
the breakdown of lipids into fatty acids
where are triglycerides stored?
adipose tisse and skeletal muscles
where is glycogen store?
skeletal muscle and liver
what is anaerobic catabolism?
the breakdown of molecules (no oxygen)
what is aerobic catabolism?
oxidized chemical reactions that break down molecules, releases energy
100 g of protein produces how much energy?
1720 KJ
100 g of carbs produces how much energy?
1760 KJ
100 g of fat produces how much energy?
4000 KJ
What can be synthesized by the human body?
non-essential amino acids
Structure of a protein
CHON
What are the maconutrients?
Proteins, carbs, fat, water
function of carbs
main source of energy (broken down in glucose molecule
function of fats
low intensity fuel source (broken down into fatty acids)
function of proteins
build and repair muscle cells, providing nutrient transport
What is a condensation reaction?
when 2 molecules combine with the loss of H2O (how polysaccarides form)
what is a triglyceride?
1 glycerol, 3 fatty acids
what is an unsaturated molecule?
double/triple bonds
what is a saturated molecule?
single bonds
structure of glucose molecule?
C6H12O6
function of water
hydration, thermoregulation, needed fro biological rxns
