NUTRITION FOCUSED EXAM

Question 1

temples - fat wasting or muscle wasting? what are you looking for

Answer 1

muscle wasting
- depressed, scooped, hollowed

Question 2

orbitals - fat wasting or muscle wasting? what are you looking for?

Answer 2

fat wasting
- hollowed or sunken eyes with cheek bone easily felt/visible

Question 3

clavicles - fat wasting or muscle wasting? what are you looking for?

Answer 3

muscle wasting
- prominent clavicle with hallowed areas

Question 4

buccal - fat wasting or muscle wasting? what are you looking for?

Answer 4

fat wasting
- cheek bone visible and cheek indented or sunken in

Question 5

shoulder - fat wasting or muscle wasting? what are you looking for?

Answer 5

muscle wasting
- visible bone or square appearance

Question 6

triceps - fat wasting or muscle wasting? what are you looking for?

Answer 6

both muscle and fat wasting
- bend arm to 90, flex biceps - look for hanging skin or fingers touching

Question 7

mid-axillary - fat wasting or muscle wasting? what are you looking for?

Answer 7

both muscle and fat wasting
- hold arm straight out and press again something - look for easily visible ribs or iliac crest

Question 8

hands - fat wasting or muscle wasting? what are you looking for?

Answer 8

muscle wasting
- hallowed between thumb and index finger

Question 9

quadriceps - fat wasting or muscle wasting? what are you looking for?

Answer 9

muscle wasting
- bend knee to 90 degrees, feel cup area, above knee cap should feel meaty and firm

Question 10

calf - fat wasting or muscle wasting? what are you looking for?

Answer 10

muscle wasting
- flex foot, muscle should be rounded, no loose skin

Question 11

feet - what are you looking for

Answer 11

edema
- press and look for pitting

Question 12

two ways to assess muscle mass in practice

Answer 12

• hand dynamometry
• calf circumference

Question 13

three ways to measure functional status

Answer 13

• gait speed (walking)
• chair stands
• balance

Question 14

what micronutrient imbalances if: skin is pale / yellow?

Answer 14

pale: iron
yellow: elevated cartenoids

Question 15

what micronutrients involved with poor wound healing

Answer 15

protein, energy, vit C, zinc, copper

Question 16

what micronutrient deficient if:
nails
- spoon:
- lines:
- brown/gray:

Answer 16

• spoon: iron and protein
• lines: malnutrition
• brown/gray: B12

Question 17

what micronutrient imbalances if: angular stomatitis

Answer 17

• riboflavin or B vitamins
• iron deficiency
• protein deficiency

Question 18

what micronutrient imbalances if: dysgeusia/ageusia

Answer 18

zinc

Question 19

what micronutrient imbalances if: hair is thinning/lacks shine

Answer 19

zinc and protein

Question 20

what micronutrient imbalances if: hair has dyspigmentation/lightening of normal hair colour

Answer 20

copper