Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

intro to biomedical sciences IBMS > nutrition and periodontal disease > Flashcards

nutrition and periodontal disease Flashcards

1
Q

why is nutrition important

A

modulates immune response and the host defences are required optimal healing
defensive epithelial barrier of the junctional and crevicular epithelium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what does the rapid turnover of cells dependant on

A 
vitamin A
vitamin C 
protein 
folic acid 
iron
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what is nutrigenomics

A

nutrition modifying gene expression and it the genetic basis for variable responses to diet

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what are the major nutrients

A

consumed in gram qualities
such as protein
carbohydrate
lipids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what are the minor nutrients

A

milligram and microgram quantity

minerals such as calcium and magnesium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

why are vitamins important

A

to maintain metabolic reactions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

are vitamins made in sufficient amounts in the body

A

no- have to be supplied by food or made from a provitamin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

which vitamins are fat soluble

A

vitamins A D E K

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

which vitamins are water soluble

A

vitamin C, B vitamins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

describe vitamin A

A

it is essential for night vision and maturation of epithelial tissues

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what happens when people have excess vitamin A

A

causes gingival erosions and bleeding

loss of keratinisation, headache,dry mouth and loss of hair

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

how can we help when a patient has excess vitamin A

A

gingival improvement seen in one week when excessive vitamins A was stopped

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

describe vitamin D

A

mantinains blood calcium levels and metabolism of osseous tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

how can we get vitamin D

A

exposure to sunlight

and synthesised in the body but generally insufficient

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

when is the sunlight strong enough for in the UK for vitamin D

A

UV light is strongest in april to september

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

how do we get vitamin D

A

oil fish such as salmon and sardines
cod liver oil
egg yolk,meat and milk
some breakfast cereals are fortified with vitamin D

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what is the active metabolic of 25-hydroxyvitamin D

A

1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what does the active metabolite inhibit

A

cytokine production and cell proliferation

probably linked to cancer, diabetes and CVD ]may be associated with vitamin D

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what did NHANES III data show with vitamin D

A

D levels inversely associated with associated with attachment loss in pts older than 50

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

where is vitamin c made

A

by all plants and most animals

humans and non human primates and a few other animals can not make vitamin c

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

why is vitamin c important

A

required for collagen maturation (hydroxylation of lysine and proline)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

what does deficiency of vitamins c cause

A

scurvy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

what are the symptoms of scurvy

A

muscle weakness
swollen painful joints
tissue bleeding and marked gingivitis

24
Q

which vitamin do smokers have less of

A

vit c

25
Q

why is vitamin b important

A

energy production from carbohydrates and fats

in red cell formation and in protein and AA metabolism

26
Q

what does the double blind study show in regards to vitamin b complex

A

it can improve measures of periodontal wound healing

supplement of vit B improves CAL after flap surgery

27
Q

why is calcium important

A

for normal bone metabolism

28
Q

how is calcium homeostasis controlled

A

by parathyroid hormone and calcitonin

29
Q

what is the link between dairy and perio disease

A

low dietary calcium results in more serve perio

30
Q

what result was seen when calcium supplement was given to post menopausal women with osteopenia or osteoporosis

A

shown to prevent tooth loss related to periodontal disease

31
Q

why is fibre important

A

increased fibre intake is associated with less perio disease and it can be due to the decrease in plaque accumulation

32
Q

what can alcohol consumption do to CAL

A

increased severity of CAL

33
Q

what is the definition of obesity

A

defined as a BMI greater than 30kg/m2

34
Q

what is obesity a risk factor for

A

hypertension type 2 diabetes
CHD
stroke
gallbladder disease

35
Q

what does obesity relate to in oral health

A

xerostomia
caries
periodontitis

36
Q

what did we learn about obesity in rats in healthy oral conditions

A

obesity does not promote periodontal alternations

37
Q

what did we learn about obesity in rats with plaque accumulation

A

perio inflammation and destruction

38
Q

where are inflammatory cytokines found

A

in adipose tissue and adipose macrophages

39
Q

give examples of inflammatory cytokines

A

adipokines or adipocytokines,

40
Q

what do fish oils contain

A

have anti inflammatory actions which can benefit perio health
Dietary docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)

41
Q

which diet is protective against DM

A

saturated fats, free sugar, high in fruit, vegetables and fibre

42
Q

which diseases might predispose to perio disease

A

diabetes mellitus

cerebrovascular disease and obesity

43
Q

when there was nutritional intervention what did we see in the oral cavity

A

reduction in probing pocket depth, gingival inflammation and decrease in interleukin 1 beta and interleukin 6 in GCF

44
Q

what do Il-1β and and IL-6 are proinflammatory cytokines do

A

pro inflammatory cytokines involved in periodontal destruction

45
Q

what is involved in diet and healing

A

non-surgical and surgical
Eating transiently compromised following therapy: more relevant to surgery
Recommend soft foods post surgery with appropriate dietary balance

46
Q

in perio samples what was there a lack of

A

coenzyme 10 which was used in ETC of mitochondria

47
Q

what did low vitamin c diet lead to

A

an increase in gingival inflammation and bleeding but not CAL

48
Q

what is the link between magnesium and perio disease

A

reported to be associated with PD

49
Q

what is the link between magnesium to calcium ratio

A

lower levels of attachment loss

50
Q

what was noticed in obese rats in response to plaque accumulation

A

periodontal inflammation and destruction was more severe

51
Q

why is the location of body fat accumulation important

A

increase in visceral fat is more important for CAL

52
Q

which healthy group is 40% Less likely to have periodontitis

A

those of a normal weight

pursued regular exercise and consumed healthy diet

53
Q

what is low docosahexaenoic acid related to

A

more periodontal disease in other subjects

54
Q

what type of foods should we recommend post surgery

A

soft foods with dietary balance

55
Q

what does coenzyme 10 do

A

Involved in electron transport functions of mitochondria

56
Q

why was coenzyme 10 relevant to look at

A

in periodisease tissues lower levels of coenzyme 10

57
Q

what are chewing sticks

A

sticks of salvadora persica plant which have selective antimicrobial effect against some oral micro-organisms

intro to biomedical sciences IBMS (35 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions