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Biochem > nutrition and eye health > Flashcards

nutrition and eye health Flashcards

1
Q

intermediates in tricarboxylic acid cycle can be used for the synthesis of some non-essential amino acids

A

succinyl CoA?

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2
Q

formed in lumen of the small intestine and facilitate absorption of the products of lipid digestion

A

mixed micelles, …

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3
Q

negative nitrogen balance

A

more nitrogen loss: malnutrition or acute injury

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4
Q

positive nitrogen balance

A

nitrogen holding: pregnant, body building, growth, recover from sever injury

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5
Q

equal nitrogen balance

A

normal healthy person

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6
Q

mechanism of vitamin C protect against development of cataracts

A

protecting lens proteins from oxidative damage

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7
Q

factors that help maintain calcium homeostasis

A

parathyroid hormone, vitamin D, and calcitonin

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8
Q

calcium (purpose)

A

mineralize tissue, muscle contraction, blood clotting, cell signaling

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9
Q

iron deficiency anemia causes

A

inadequate absorption

excess losses

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10
Q

iron defieciency anemia signs and symptoms

A

pallor, fatigue, increased HR, dizziness, shortness of breath, decreased work tolerance, pica

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11
Q

iron (purpose)

A

aerobic metabolism, hemoglobin and myoglobin

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12
Q

vitamin A

A

fat-soluble, part of the visual pigment

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13
Q

vitamin E

A

fat-soluble, antioxidant

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14
Q

vitamin D2

A

fat-soluble, calcium metabolism and bone growth

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15
Q

vitamin K

A

fat-soluble, blood clotting factor

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16
Q

thiamin

A

water-soluble, pentose pathway

17
Q

riboflavin

A

water-soluble, FAD

18
Q

niacin

A

water-soluble, NAD

19
Q

biotin

A

water-soluble, carboxylic rxns

20
Q

pantothenic acid

A

water-soluble, coenzyme A

21
Q

vitamin B

A

water-soluble, amino acid biochem

22
Q

folic acid

A

water-soluble, cell division/Hb + RBC

23
Q

vitamin B12

A

water-soluble, cell division/HB + RBC

24
Q

vitamin C

A

water-soluble, antioxidant/post translational modification

25
Q

nitrogen balance

A

nitrogen intake - nitrogen loss

26
Q

protein dietary function

A

amino acids/ nitrogen

27
Q

lipid dietary function

A

important source of energy, structure of cell membranes, etc.

28
Q

carbohydrate dietary function

A

structural: glycoproteins and glycolipids, dietary fiber, some energy

29
Q

non-essential amino acid(s) from 3-phosphoglycerate

A

Ser, Gly, Cys

30
Q

non-essential amino acid(s) from pyruvate

A

Ala

31
Q

non-essential amino acid(s) from alpha-ketoglutarate

A

Glu, Gln, Pro, Arg

32
Q

non-essential amino acid(s) from oxaloacetate

A

Asp, Asn

33
Q

essential amino acids

A

cannot make in body

34
Q

non-essential amino acids

A

made from precursors

35
Q

what are the two conditionally essential amino acids

A

Cys* (Met) + Tyr* (Phe)

Biochem (14 decks)

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