nutrition and breast feeding

Question 1

give 2 benefits of breast feeding for the mother

Answer 1

• improves bonding
• reduces risk of breast cancer

Question 2

give 2 benefits of breast feeding for the baby

Answer 2

• transfer of IgA
• reduced lifetime risk of diabetes, obesity and atopy

Question 3

what supplements should all children > 6 months take

Answer 3

ACD

Question 4

when should weaning be started

Answer 4

> 6 months

Question 5

when can full fat cow’s milk be introduced as a drink

Answer 5

> 1 year old

Question 6

give 2 contraindications to breast feeding

Answer 6

• HIV
• drugs e.g. lithium, amiodarone, cytotoxins and anti-depressants (except SSRIs)

Question 7

mastitis and breast abscess cause

Answer 7

build up of breast milk

Question 8

mastitis and breast abscess presentation

Answer 8

• swollen area on breast that may feel hot and painful to touch
• wedge shaped breast lump or hard area on breast
• burning pain in breast that might be constant or only occur during breastfeeding
• nipple discharge (may be white or contain streaks of blood)

Question 9

mastitis and breast abscess management

Answer 9

• analgesics
• keep breastfeeding, starting with sore breast
• express milk in between feeds
• massage breast to clear any blockages
• can prescribe antibiotics (dicloxacillin and cephalexin)
• if not managed properly can cause breast abscesses

Question 10

cracked nipples causes

Answer 10

• poor attachment
• mechanical pumping

Question 11

cracked nipples presentation

Answer 11

• painful nipples
• dry, cracked, blistering nipples

Question 12

cracked nipples management

Answer 12

• encourage to continue to breastfeed via milk expression
• give nipples time to heal

Question 13

breast engorgement causes

Answer 13

• delayed first feed
• ineffective feeds
• restricted breast feeding

Question 14

breast engorgement presentation

Answer 14

• poor milk flow
• enlarged, painful, swollen and shiny breasts

Question 15

breast engorgement management

Answer 15

empty breasts regularly with hourly feeds or expression

Question 16

thrush presentation

Answer 16

• bilateral extreme breast pain that is worse on feeding
• baby pulling away from breast during feeding
• possible oral thrush in baby

Question 17

thrush management

Answer 17

• maternal: topical miconazole or oral fluconazole
• baby under 4 months: oral nystatin
• baby > 4 months: miconazole gel