measles, mumps and rubella Flashcards
1
Q
measles microbiology
A
RNA paramyxovirus (spread via droplets)
2
Q
measles presentation
A
- prodromal cough, fever and nasal discharge
- koplick’s spots (white spots on red background, develop on buccal mucosa during prodromal period)
- maculopapular rash (develops after about 4 days, usually starts on face, neck and behind ears, rapidly spreads to cover the whole body)
- characterised by prodrome of fever, irritability and conjunctivitis
3
Q
measles diagnosis
A
measles specific IgM
4
Q
measles management
A
- notify public health
- supportive care
5
Q
measles complications
A
- acute demyelinating encephalitis (1-2 weeks after),
- bronchopneumonia (immediate, most common cause of death)
- otitis media (most common complication)
6
Q
mumps microbiology
A
RNA, paramyxovirus
7
Q
mumps presentation
A
- fever, malaise
- bilateral parotid swellings
- orchitis in boys
- aseptic meningitis
- pancreatitis
8
Q
mumps diagnosis
A
salivary IgM for mumps (throat swab)
9
Q
mumps management
A
- isolation and supportive care
- notify public health
10
Q
mumps complications
A
- orchitis (uncommon in pre-pubertal males but can occur in post-pubertal males, 4-5 days after start of parotitis)
- hearing loss that is unilateral and transient
- meningoencephalitis
- pancreatitis
11
Q
rubella microbiology
A
- RNA rubella virus (togavirus)
- incubation period is 14-21 days
- infectious from 7 days before symptoms (4 days after rash onset)
12
Q
rubella presentation
A
- pink, discrete, maculopapular rash (start on face and then rapidly spreads all over body)
- sub-occipital lymphadenopathy
13
Q
rubella diagnosis
A
rubella IgM
14
Q
rubella management
A
supportive care
15
Q
features of cogenital rubella
A
- sensorineural deafness
- congenital cataracts
- congenital heart disease
- growth retardation
- hepatosplenomegaly
- purpuric skin lesions
- salt and pepper chorioretinitis
- microphthalmia
- cerebral palsy
