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year 2 - child health > dermatology > Flashcards

dermatology Flashcards

1
Q

atopic dermatitis presentation

A
  • rash: itchy, ill-defined erythematous rash (with possible scale, crust, papules, ooze or crust)
  • site in infants: face, extensor surfaces (flexural surfaces spared)
  • site in older children: classic flexural distribution
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2
Q

atopic dermatitis management

A
  • emollients
  • possible topical steroids
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3
Q

contact irritant dermatitis is also known as

A

nappy rash

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4
Q

contact irritant dermatitis presentation

A

confluent erythema with sparing of skin folds around where nappy is

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5
Q

contact irritant dermatitis management

A
  • keep skin clean and dry (regularly change nappies)
  • try to leave undressed if possible
  • possible topical steroids
  • prevention once healed (barrier creams with every nappy change)
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6
Q

seborrhoeic dermatitis presentation

A
  • new-borns: cradle cap (non-itchy, yellow scale on scalp)
  • infants: flexural surfaces (axillae, neck creases, groin with no sparing of skin folds)
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7
Q

seborrhoeic dermatitis management

A
  • emollients
  • possible topical steroids
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8
Q

roseola infantum microbiology

A
  • 6 months - 2 years
  • roseola virus (type of herpes virus: HHV6)
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9
Q

roseola infantum presentation

A
  • high fever (possible febrile convulsions)
  • discrete pink macular rash on trunk
  • similar to rubella (differentiated based on higher fever and lack of sub occipital lymphadenopathy)
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10
Q

roseoa infantum management

A
  • anti-pyretics
  • hydration
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11
Q

roseola infantum complication

A

febrile convulsions

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12
Q

erythema infectiosum is also known as

A
  • fifth’s disease
  • slapped cheek syndrome
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13
Q

erythema infectiosum microbiology

A

parovirus B19

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14
Q

erythema infectiosum presentation

A
  • lethargy, fever, headache
  • slapped cheek rash (bilateral macular erythema on face) spreading to proximal arms and extensor surfaces
  • maculopapular rash with lacy erythema on trunk
  • fever and polyarthritis
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15
Q

erythema infectiosum management

A

rest and fluids

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16
Q

erythema infectiosum complication

A

neonatal death if caught be pregnany mother

17
Q

chicken pox cause

A

varicella zoster

18
Q

chicken pox presentation

A
  • intensely itchy rash that starts with macules and progresses into papules and vesicles that burst and crust over
  • usually starts on face and then spreads over whole body
  • fever initially
  • mild systemic upset
19
Q

chicken pox management

A
  • keep cool, trim nails, calamine lotion
  • school exclusion until 5 days onset of rash
20
Q

chicken pox complications

A
  • pneumonia
  • encephalitis
  • disseminated haemorrhagic chickenpox
  • arthritis, nephritis, pancreatitis
21
Q

hand, foot and mouth cause

A

coxsackie virus

22
Q

hand, foot and mouth presentation

A
  • viral prodrome (sore throat with grey vesicles surrounded by erythema with mouth ulcers)
  • rash and/or vesicles on palms and soles of feet
23
Q

hand, foot and mouth management

A

do nothing (self limiting)

24
Q

what is Henoch Schonlein purpura

A
  • IgA mediated small vessel vasculitis
  • kids post-infection
25
Q

Henoch Schonlein presentation

A
  • on extensor surfaces with abdominal pain and flitting arthralgia
  • palpable purpuric rash with localised oedema over buttocks and extensor surfaces of arms and legs
26
Q

Henoch Schonlein management

A
  • analgesia for arthralgia
  • supportive for nephropathy
27
Q

immune thrombocytopenic purpura presentation

A

post-infective purpura with mild mucosal bleeding in otherwise well child

28
Q

immune thrombocytopenic purpura diagnosis

A

bloods (thrombocytopenia)

29
Q

immune thrombocytopenic purpura management

A

do nothing (self limiting)

30
Q

impetigo cause

A

S. aureus

31
Q

impetigo presentation

A

honey coloured crusted rash on face

32
Q

impetigo management

A
  • topical fusidic acid
  • severe/extensive: oral flucloxacillin or clarithromycin
  • school exclusion until lesions have crusted over or until 48 hours after starting antibiotics
33
Q

erythema toxicum presentation

A

pustules with surrounding erythema, which can become widespread and confluent

34
Q

erythema toxicum diagnosis

A

clinical

35
Q

erythema toxicum management

A

self limiting

year 2 - child health (20 decks)

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