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Peds > Nutrition > Flashcards

Nutrition Flashcards

1
Q

Preterm

A
  • have high calories needs, immature GI systems
  • breast milk concentration chnages
  • use special formula
  • G- tube feedings ( suck on pacifier )
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2
Q

When does birth weight double and triple with infants

A

Doubles: 5-6 months
Triples: 12 months

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3
Q

When do you start cup training

A

8-9 months

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4
Q

When do you start giving first foods

A
  • first foods: 4-6 months ( rice cereal, vegetables, fruit, and milk )
  • no honey until 12 months - botulism
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5
Q

Breast feeding

A
  • exclusively for 6 months
  • encourage for 12 months
  • Supplement: flouride, iron, vit. D at 4 months
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6
Q

Formula Feeding

A
  • no cows milk until 12 months ( can cause GI bleeding )
  • no bottle propping, sleeping w/bottle, no cereal unless directed
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7
Q

What age group exhibits physiologic anorexia

A
  • Toddlers
  • its when the child growth slows down –> not eating as much
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8
Q

Toddler nutrition (1-3 y.o.)

A
  • 3 meals, 3 snacks
  • whole milk until age 2 ( no more than 24 oz/day –> iron deficiency anemia)
  • limit juice intake
  • eat with utensils, use cups, sit in chair at table
  • physiologic anorexia
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9
Q

Preschooler nutrition (3-6 y.o.)

A
  • can help w/food prep + setting the table
  • ** Food jags ( stuck on one food for a while, then they hate it) **
  • start 5 a day= 5 fruits + veg a day
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10
Q

School age nutrition (6-12 y.o.)

A
  • gradual growth requires steady energy requirement
  • preadolescent growth spurt ( girls: 10-11, boys later )
  • involve in prep, may resist new food, educate about healthy food choices
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11
Q

Adolescent nutrition (12-18 years old )

A
  • huge growth spurts + sports/activities
  • encourage healthy choices
  • iron deficiency anemia risk
  • peers are big influencers
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12
Q

Dental care for infant, toddler/preschooler, school age,

A
  • Infant: soft cloth and finger + non fluoridated tooth paste, dental visits start at tooth eruption
  • Toddler/preschooler: parents brush teeth
  • School age: tooth fairy visits, monitor brushing and flossing, fluoride supplements if needed
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13
Q

Growth charts

A

-gender +age specific
- 10-85 percentile = GOOD
<5th percentile= UNDERNOURISHED
- 85-95 percentile= OVERWEIGHT
->95 percentile= OBESE

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14
Q

What is Celiac Disease

A
  • its a gluten intolerance ( genetic, predisposed, autoimmune )
  • found in BROW ( barley, rye, oats, wheat)
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15
Q

S/sx and Tx of celiac disease

A

S/Sx: steatorrhea, diarrhea, dehydration, electrolyte imbalance, abd. pain + distention, growth delays, muscle wasting

Tx: remove gluten from diet

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16
Q

What is colic and the tx for it

A
  • Severe abd. pain w/ severe crying ( 3 hours, 3x a week )
  • legs drawn, fists clenched, abd. distention and tense
  • Tx: supportive
  • Nursing consideration: educate about shaken baby syndrome ( put baby in crib )
17
Q

Dietary Deficiencies: Iron

A
  • predictable deficiency: toddler and adolescent
    -iron deficiency anemia
18
Q

Dietary Deficiencies: Calcium

A
  • carbonated drinks decrease calcium absorption b/c phosphorus
  • females + athletes at high risk
19
Q

Dietary Deficiencies: Vit. D

A
  • can cause ricketts
20
Q

Dietary Deficiencies: Folic acid

A

cause neural tube defects

21
Q

Avoidant / Restrictive Food Intake Disorder

A
  • kids wont eat, no weight gain or weight loss
  • weight < 5th percentile
  • erratic sleep, difficult to soothe
  • developmentally delayed
  • develop feeding routines
22
Q

What is anorexia nervosa

A
  • extreme weight loss 25-30% of body weight
  • mostly in teenagers, young adults, females, white, higher socioeconomic status
23
Q

S/Sx of anorexia nervosa

A
  • lengthy and vigorous exercise
  • amenorrhea ( no period )
  • lanugo ( fine hair all over the body )
  • electrolyte imbalances, dysrhythmias,
  • disoriented body image
  • depression, isolation, suicidal
  • OCD, anxiety
24
Q

Bulimia Nervosa

A
  • binge eating then purging ( self induced
  • frequent in white, higher socioeconomic status
  • person can be overweight or underweight
  • S/Sx: erosion of teeth enamel, calluses on back of hands or few fingers, malnutrition, dehydration, electrolyte imbalances

Peds (20 decks)

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