Human growth and Development

Question 1

Infant age range

Answer 1

0-12 months

Question 2

Toddler age range

Answer 2

1-3 years old

Question 3

preschool age range

Answer 3

3-6 years old

Question 4

school-age , age range

Answer 4

6-12 years old

Question 5

Adolescent age range

Answer 5

12-18 years old

Question 6

Toddler/preschooler growth pattern

Answer 6

slow growth ( trunk grows the fastest )

Question 7

Infant growth pattern

Answer 7

rapid growth ( head grows fastest )

Question 8

school-age growth pattern

Answer 8

slow growth ( limbs grows the fastest )

Question 9

adolescent growth pattern

Answer 9

rapid growth ( trunk + sexual development )

Question 10

What is regression

Answer 10

revert back to earlier behavior

Question 11

what is repression

Answer 11

involuntary forgetting

Question 12

what is rationalization

Answer 12

make unacceptable feelings acceptable

Question 13

what is fantasy

Answer 13

create a “story” to deal with fear

Question 14

when does separation anxiety starts?

Answer 14

@ 6-8 months old

Question 15

what are the stages of separation anxiety?

Answer 15

1. Protest: scream + cry
2. Despair: * RED FLAG* sad, quiet, withdrawn, cries when parents return
3. Detachment: never leave when baby is sleeping

Question 16

Freud: Oral Stage

Answer 16

1. Applies to infants
2. means everything goes in mouth, watch for choking

Question 17

Erikson: Trust vs Mistrust

Answer 17

1. applies to infants
2. consistency in care will develop trust

Question 18

Piaget: sensorimotor

Answer 18

1. applies to infants
2. infant learns through interacting w/ environment

Question 19

What are milestones for a 3 month old

Answer 19

• raises head when supine
• begins to roll over
• should be making eye contact

Question 20

milestones for 6 month old

Answer 20

• sits with support –> sits w/o support
• ** BIRTH WEIGHT DOUBLES **

Question 21

Milestones for a 9 month old

Answer 21

• starts crawling, stands holding onto couch
  -pincer grasp
• ** starts walking 9-17 months **

Question 22

milestones for a 12 month old

Answer 22

• ** BIRTH WEIGHT TRIPLES **

Question 23

How does a infant play

Answer 23

solitarily: by themselves

Question 24

What to do for a hospitalized infant?

Answer 24

• promote parents presence
• have routine/ consistency
• provide sensorimotor experiences
• ## use: pacifier , swaddling, rocking, patting

Question 25

Freud: anal stage

Answer 25

- applies to toddlers - toilet training

Question 26

Erikson: Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt

Answer 26

- applies to toddlers - increasing independence, allow them to "do it on their own"

Question 27

Piaget: Sensorimotor to preoperational

Answer 27

- applies to toddlers - increase curiosity + exploration of environment ( wall outlets )

Question 28

what is the milestone for a toddler

Answer 28

develop control over elimination- potty train

Question 29

how to communicate with a toddler?

Answer 29

- ** Egocentric: cant understand another point of view** - offer limited choices - short, clear instructions

Question 30

how does toddlers play

Answer 30

- parallel: play with similar obkects side by side

Question 31

what to do for a hospitalized toddler

Answer 31

- most at risk for a stressful experience - use treatment room for procedures ( keep hospital room pain free ) - incorporate play into assessments - allow crying but limit tantrums - explain procedures using simple terminology - give reward after procedures ( popsicle ) - restrain when appropriate

Question 32

Freud: phallic stage

Answer 32

-applies to preschoolers -recognize gender differences

Question 33

Erikson: initiative VS Guilt

Answer 33

- applies to preschooler - initiate play, sense of purpose vs. guilt

Question 34

Piaget: preoperational

Answer 34

- applies to preschooler - increasingly verbal, doest understand causation A=B

Question 35

Development of preschoolers

Answer 35

- beings to develop consciousness ( still egocentric ) - knows number but doesnt understand 10 is more than 2 - modesty begins: teach about unacceptable touching

Question 36

how does preschoolers play

Answer 36

- Associative: play with other kids

Question 37

what to do with a hospitalized preschooler

Answer 37

- use band-aids, allow them to touch equipment, - give them helper task - use accurate words for body parts, encorage self respect/ privacy - use treatment rooms, limit choices etc.

Question 38

Freud: latency

Answer 38

- applies to school age kids - importance of privacy+ body awareness

Question 39

Erikson: industry vs inferiority

Answer 39

- applies to school age kids - productive + contributing to society vs feeling discouraged/ incompetent

Question 40

Piaget: concrete operational

Answer 40

- applies to school age kids - logical concrete thinking or black/white thinking - *** can considers other point of view *** - understand cause and effect

Question 41

when does puberty begin

Answer 41

- girls: 10-13 - boys: 11-14

Question 42

how does school age kids play

Answer 42

- cooperative, team sport - very concerned with rules

Question 43

what to do for a hospitalized school aged kid

Answer 43

- privacy concerns - include them in discussions about their care - watch for regressive behaviors - allow interactions w/ same age patients and peers

Question 44

Freud: genital

Answer 44

- applies to adolescents - involves sexuality, relationships

Question 45

Erikson: Identity vs role confusion

Answer 45

- applies to adolescents - self identity, reliance on peers vs. failure to take on role identity

Question 46

Piaget: Formal operational

Answer 46

-applies to adolescents - mature abstract thought

Question 47

what age goup partakes in risky behaviors

Answer 47

adolescents