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Peds > Human growth and Development > Flashcards

Human growth and Development Flashcards

1
Q

Infant age range

A

0-12 months

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2
Q

Toddler age range

A

1-3 years old

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3
Q

preschool age range

A

3-6 years old

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4
Q

school-age , age range

A

6-12 years old

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5
Q

Adolescent age range

A

12-18 years old

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6
Q

Toddler/preschooler growth pattern

A

slow growth ( trunk grows the fastest )

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7
Q

Infant growth pattern

A

rapid growth ( head grows fastest )

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8
Q

school-age growth pattern

A

slow growth ( limbs grows the fastest )

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9
Q

adolescent growth pattern

A

rapid growth ( trunk + sexual development )

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10
Q

What is regression

A

revert back to earlier behavior

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11
Q

what is repression

A

involuntary forgetting

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12
Q

what is rationalization

A

make unacceptable feelings acceptable

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13
Q

what is fantasy

A

create a “story” to deal with fear

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14
Q

when does separation anxiety starts?

A

@ 6-8 months old

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15
Q

what are the stages of separation anxiety?

A
  1. Protest: scream + cry
  2. Despair: * RED FLAG* sad, quiet, withdrawn, cries when parents return
  3. Detachment: never leave when baby is sleeping
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16
Q

Freud: Oral Stage

A
  1. Applies to infants
  2. means everything goes in mouth, watch for choking
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17
Q

Erikson: Trust vs Mistrust

A
  1. applies to infants
  2. consistency in care will develop trust
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18
Q

Piaget: sensorimotor

A
  1. applies to infants
  2. infant learns through interacting w/ environment
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19
Q

What are milestones for a 3 month old

A
  • raises head when supine
  • begins to roll over
  • should be making eye contact
20
Q

milestones for 6 month old

A
  • sits with support –> sits w/o support
  • ** BIRTH WEIGHT DOUBLES **
21
Q

Milestones for a 9 month old

A
  • starts crawling, stands holding onto couch
    -pincer grasp
  • ** starts walking 9-17 months **
22
Q

milestones for a 12 month old

A
  • ** BIRTH WEIGHT TRIPLES **
23
Q

How does a infant play

A

solitarily: by themselves

24
Q

What to do for a hospitalized infant?

A
  • promote parents presence
  • have routine/ consistency
  • provide sensorimotor experiences
  • ## use: pacifier , swaddling, rocking, patting
25
Q

Freud: anal stage

A
  • applies to toddlers
  • toilet training
26
Q

Erikson: Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt

A
  • applies to toddlers
  • increasing independence, allow them to “do it on their own”
27
Q

Piaget: Sensorimotor to preoperational

A
  • applies to toddlers
  • increase curiosity + exploration of environment ( wall outlets )
28
Q

what is the milestone for a toddler

A

develop control over elimination- potty train

29
Q

how to communicate with a toddler?

A
  • ** Egocentric: cant understand another point of view**
  • offer limited choices
  • short, clear instructions
30
Q

how does toddlers play

A
  • parallel: play with similar obkects side by side
31
Q

what to do for a hospitalized toddler

A
  • most at risk for a stressful experience
  • use treatment room for procedures ( keep hospital room pain free )
  • incorporate play into assessments
  • allow crying but limit tantrums
  • explain procedures using simple terminology
  • give reward after procedures ( popsicle )
  • restrain when appropriate
32
Q

Freud: phallic stage

A

-applies to preschoolers
-recognize gender differences

33
Q

Erikson: initiative VS Guilt

A
  • applies to preschooler
  • initiate play, sense of purpose vs. guilt
34
Q

Piaget: preoperational

A
  • applies to preschooler
  • increasingly verbal, doest understand causation A=B
35
Q

Development of preschoolers

A
  • beings to develop consciousness ( still egocentric )
  • knows number but doesnt understand 10 is more than 2
  • modesty begins: teach about unacceptable touching
36
Q

how does preschoolers play

A
  • Associative: play with other kids
37
Q

what to do with a hospitalized preschooler

A
  • use band-aids, allow them to touch equipment,
  • give them helper task
  • use accurate words for body parts, encorage self respect/ privacy
  • use treatment rooms, limit choices etc.
38
Q

Freud: latency

A
  • applies to school age kids
  • importance of privacy+ body awareness
39
Q

Erikson: industry vs inferiority

A
  • applies to school age kids
  • productive + contributing to society vs feeling discouraged/ incompetent
40
Q

Piaget: concrete operational

A
  • applies to school age kids
  • logical concrete thinking or black/white thinking
  • ** can considers other point of view **
  • understand cause and effect
41
Q

when does puberty begin

A
  • girls: 10-13
  • boys: 11-14
42
Q

how does school age kids play

A
  • cooperative, team sport
  • very concerned with rules
43
Q

what to do for a hospitalized school aged kid

A
  • privacy concerns
  • include them in discussions about their care
  • watch for regressive behaviors
  • allow interactions w/ same age patients and peers
44
Q

Freud: genital

A
  • applies to adolescents
  • involves sexuality, relationships
45
Q

Erikson: Identity vs role confusion

A
  • applies to adolescents
  • self identity, reliance on peers vs. failure to take on role identity
46
Q

Piaget: Formal operational

A

-applies to adolescents
- mature abstract thought

47
Q

what age goup partakes in risky behaviors

A

adolescents

Peds (20 decks)

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