Nutrition Flashcards
Strongest indicator for poor nutritional status
Preop albumin <3
Only amino acids that are not glucogenic
Leucine and Lysine
Anion gap metabolic acidosis, AMS, diabetes insipidus, hyperbilirubinemia, thrombocytopenia; dx and tx
Beri beri, thiamine 100mg
Branched chain amino acids
Leucine, Isoleucine and Valine
Primary energy source for muscle protein metabolized by muscle itself used in patients with chronic liver disease and encephalopathy
BCAAs
Obligate glucose users
RBCs, Neutrophils, Peripheral neurons and adrenal medulla
Fuel source for colonocytes
Short chain fatty acids (butyrate, acetate)
Fuel source neoplastic cells
Glutamine #1, glucose #2
Fuel source stomach, enterocytes, pancreas, spleen
Glutamine
Best marker for long-term nutritional status
Albumin, half life 20days
ERAS principals
Enteral nutrition with high cal supplements POD1
Multimodal pain control
Catheter removal POD1
Early mobilization POD0
Primary fuel source <24hrs fasting
Hepatic glycogen
Primary substrate 5-7days NPO
Alanine through gluconeogensis
Dry eyes, night blindness, keratomlacia; deficiency
Vit A
Conditionally essential amino acids in times of stress
Glutamine and Arginine
Adjusted TPN protein for ESRD patietns
1.2-1.5g/kg/day
Deficiency caused by Carcinoid tumors; dx and findings
Pellagra (niacin deficiency), diarrhea, dementia and dermatitis
Increased energy requirement in lactating women
500 kcal/day
Refeeding syndrome abnormalities
Hypophosphatemia, hypomagnesemia, hypokalemia
Megablastic anemia s/p gastrectomy; MOA
Loss of parietal cells of the stomach which secrete IF to absorb B12 in TI
Macronutrient important to prevent post-op complications in malnutrition preop
Protein
Marker for acute nutritional deficiency and its half life
Prealbumin, 2-3days
