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nutrition Flashcards

1
Q

process of choosing and consuming food necessary for health and growth

A

nutrition

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2
Q

body’s major source of energy

A

carbohydrates

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3
Q

body’s preferred source of energy that powers brain and central nervous system

A

glucose

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4
Q

complex-carbs found only in plant-based foods cannot be completely digested but has health benefits

A

dietary fiber

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5
Q

nutrient the body uses to build and maintain cells and tissues and provide energy can also act as hormones or enzymes

A

proteins

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6
Q

nutrients made up of fatty acids that provide a valuable source of energy for muscles and help absorption plus transport of vitamins and nutrients

A

fats

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7
Q

type of fat found in animal-based foods

A

saturated fat

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8
Q

type of fat found in plant-based foods

A

unsaturated fat

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9
Q

fat found in processed food

A

trans fat

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10
Q

organic nutrients that promote growth and development

A

vitamins

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11
Q

vitamin that dissolves in water and is used immediately by the body

A

water-soluble vitamins

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12
Q

vitamin that dissolves in body’s fats and can be stored for later use

A

fat-soluble vitamins

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13
Q

inorganic nutrients absorbed from plants, water, and animal food sources

A

minerals

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14
Q

guidelines published by the USDA and HHS that provide recommendations for establishing eating patterns to promote health

A

dietary guidelines for americans

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15
Q

food guidance system created by the USDA; reminds people about the proportions of the five different food groups they should eat at a meal

A

MyPlate

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16
Q

units of energy in food

A

calories

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17
Q

foods that provide vitamins, minerals , and other substances that either contribute to adequate nutrient intake or have positive health effects

A

nutrient-dense foods

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18
Q

calories that supply few nutrients for the body

A

empty calories

19
Q

conditions in which a person’s body cannot properly digest particular types of food

A

food intolerance

20
Q

condition in which the body’s immune system reacts to food as if the food is harmful

A

food allergies

21
Q

occurs when you don’t consume the appropriate amounts of nutrients

A

malnutrition

22
Q

is a form of malnutrition caused by the body not receiving or absorbing needed nutrients

A

undernutrition

23
Q

is a form of malnutrition caused by consuming too many of some nutrients

A

overnutrition

24
Q

sugar that is added to food during processing ex. glucose, fructose, dextrose

A

added sugars

25
Q

food labels that can help you choose foods and know what nutritional value they offer

A

nutrition fact labels

26
Q

your opinions on diff types of food following the factors that influence these preferences

A

food preferences

27
Q

recommended daily intake amounts for specific nutrients based on a 2,000-calorie eating plan

A

daily values

28
Q

substances added to food products to cause desired changes are called

A

food additives

29
Q

the government regulates food additives and maintains a list of food additives proven to be safe which are

A

generally recognized as safe

30
Q

foods must be grown without the use of any fertilizers or pesticides made from manufactured chemicals, bioengineering, or high-energy radiation

A

organic

31
Q

living thing with genetic material that has been altered through genetic engineering

A

genetically modified organisms

32
Q

illnesses that are transmitted by food; also called food poisoning

A

foodborne illness

33
Q

foodborne illness that occurs when food is handled or prepared improperly; is caused by bacteria, viruses, or parasites

A

foodborne infection

34
Q

toxins in food can also cause a type of foodborne illness called

A

foodborne intoxication

35
Q

tool used to determine whether a person’s weight is healthy for that person’s height (BMI= (weight in pounds/height in inches^2))X 703

A

body mass index

36
Q

having too much excess body fat

A

obesity

37
Q

too less body fat or weight

A

underweight

38
Q

water pills that help rid of salt or sodium and water in the body

A

diuretics

39
Q

false plans sold as the best and fastest way to lose weight

A

fad diets

40
Q

daily record of what a person eats; used to track eating patterns and calorie intake

A

food diary

41
Q

type of thinking occurs when people eat something prohibited by their eating plan and, because they believe they have failed, give up on the plan

A

all or nothing mindset

42
Q

percentages of fat, bone, and muscle in your body

A

body composition

43
Q

chemical reactions that take place in cells or organisms

A

metabolism

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