Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

my flashcards > meteorology unit study guide > Flashcards

meteorology unit study guide Flashcards

1
Q

gaseous envelope surrounding the earth

A

atmosphere

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

earth’s crust including landforms, rocks, and soils

A

lithosphere

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

the water on the surface of the earth in oceans, rivers, lakes, rain, and mist

A

hydrosphere

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

living matter on earth, including all plant and animal life forms

A

biosphere

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

earths first atmosphere is mostly of ______ and ______

A

helium, hydrogen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

why did earths first atmosphere change? earths _______ was not _____ _________ to hold the gases in
( through a collision of a _____ sized object) _______ and _______ were lost

A

gravity, strong enough, mars, hydrogen, helium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

earths second atmosphere is mostly of intense __________ which led to the release of _____ _____, _____ ______ (CO2), ____ _______ (CO), and _________ (N) along with other small gases
as a result _____ became to form due to the water vapor

A

volcanism, water vapor, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, nitrogen, clouds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

why did earths second atmosphere change: evolution of __________ organisms __________ consumed CO2 and water which made ________ (O) this allowed animals to be possible

A

photosynthetic, cyanobacteria, oxygen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

earths current atmosphere is made of nitrogen __% oxygen __% other gases __% (other gases: argon, carbon dioxide, water vapor, helium, hydrogen, neon

A

78, 21, 1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

how many layers of the atmosphere are there

A

4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

bottom layer of the atmosphere where most ______ occurs; ______ also decreases with altitude (same answer as the first blank)

A

weather, troposphere

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

____ and __ layer above the _________; also has the _____ layer which warms this layer; absorbs ________ rays and releases this energy in the form of heat

A

clear, dry, tropopause, ozone, ultraviolet

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

temperature begins to ____ in this layer

A

drop, mesosphere

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what is this layer? atmosphere is thin but receives intense _____ ________; part of this layer is called the _________ where the suns radiation knocks off _______ in the gases and causes them to form ______

A

solar radiation, ionosphere, electrons, auroras

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

name all the pauses in the atmosphere and how the temperature changes in each of them

A

tropopause temp stops decreasing, stratopause temp stops increasing, mesopause temp starts decreasing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

the ultimate source of heat for earth is

A

the sun

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

heat energy enters and moves through the atmosphere in these 3 ways

A

conduction, convection, radiation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

radiation transfers energy through space in the form of _________ waves; all objects warmer than ______ ____ will emit some form of _________; doesnt require a _______ so energy can only travel through empty space

A

electromagnetic, absolute zero, radiation, medium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

water vapor changes directly into a solid

A

deposition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

solid directly to a gas

A

sublimation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

the amount of water vapor in the air

A

humidity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

the amount of water vapor compared to how much the air can hold

A

relative humidity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

moisture is measured using what

A

psychrometer

24
Q

___ _____ is the temp that air needs to be cooled to reach _________; this also causes ____________ to begin

A

dew point, saturation, condensation

25
Q

dew point is always higher/same or lower/same than the actual temp; a dew point that is higher does what

A

lower/same, holds more water

26
Q

if dew point and air temp are close it feels

A

humid

27
Q

if dew point and air temp are far apart it feels

A

dry

28
Q

2 things needed for condensation to happen: air must be cooled to at or below its ____ _______; it needs material to stick to called __________ ______

A

dew point, condensation nuclei

29
Q

dew and frost happen when air cools to ___ _____ by contact with a _____ surface

A

dew point, cold

30
Q

if it is above 0 degrees celsius ___ forms
if it is above 0 degrees ______ forms

A

dew, frost

31
Q

forms when cold surface cools the ____ moist air above it, tiny droplets form around _________ ______; millions of water droplets _______ together to form a cloud

A

warm, condensation nuclei, collect

32
Q

for clouds to form the air has to be _________
and cloud __________ _____

A

saturated, condensation nuclei

33
Q

steps to cloud formation: warm air ____ taking the water vapor with it
once it _____ below its dew point it condenses
then needs something to stick to which is _________ _____
a bunch of water droplets then _______ together to make a cloud

A

rises, cools, condensation nuclei, collect

34
Q

clouds are named by what

A

height and shape

35
Q

wispy stringy clouds -
sheet like flat clouds -
puffy cotton ball clouds -
low gray rainy clouds

A

cirrus, stratus, cumulus, nimbus

36
Q

prefixes telling the height for clouds
low clouds below 2000 m are:
middle leveled clouds 2000-6000 m are:
high clouds above 6000 m are:

A

strato, alto, cirro

37
Q

type of weather that freezes with contact of the ground

A

freezing rain

38
Q

type of weather that freezes before contact with the ground

A

sleet

39
Q

type of weather that are bounced in a cloud until they fall into a huge ball of ice

A

hail

40
Q

what is the rain shadow effect
near a mountain range the _________ side gets lots of rain but the _________ side gets not a lot of rain

A

windward, leeward

41
Q

measures how much light energy is being reflected when hitting a surface

A

albedo

42
Q

what is insolation

A

incoming solar radiation received by the earth

43
Q

intensity of insolation is determined by

A

time of day, the angle of the suns rays, time of year, cloud cover, type of surface

44
Q

when insolation reaches the surface it is radiated back into the atmosphere then CO2 and water vapor absorbs the radiation preventing it form going into space

A

greenhouse effect

45
Q

an areas long term pattern of weather
controlled by latitude, elevation, nearby water, ocean currents, topography etc.

A

climate

46
Q

areas current weather or whats happening outside right now

A

weather

47
Q

air pressure is measured with a

A

barometer

48
Q

air pressure changes because of what

A

temp and humidity

49
Q

a line that joins points of equal air pressure lines closer together mean STEEPER pressure gradient

A

isobar

50
Q

areas with HIGH pressure have what kind of weather
areas with LOW pressure have what kind of weather

A

happy weather for high pressure
lousy weather for low pressure

51
Q

as elevation ________ the pressure ________ because there is less ___ around you

A

increases, decreases, air

52
Q

what is this? when earths rotation steers winds and surface ocean currents this force causes moving air and water on the surface of the earth to curve to the RIGHT in the northern hemisphere and to the LEFT in the southern hemisphere; hurricanes in the northern hemisphere rotate ______________ and __________ in the southern hemisphere

A

coriolis effect, counterclockwise, clockwise

53
Q

a band of fast moving wind moving from ____ to ____ at the top of the troposphere unaffected by friction

A

jet stream, east, west

54
Q

no wind zone near the equator caused by warm rising air

A

doldrums

55
Q

5-30 degree latitude blow from the northeast toward the equator, warm and steady winds

A

trade winds

56
Q

5-30 degree latitudes blow from the WEST toward the north causes weather in the U.S to move from the west to east

A

westerlies

57
Q

60-90 degree latitudes dry and cold winds that blow from high pressure POLES to low pressure POLES in the westerlies

A

polar easterlies

my flashcards (27 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions