Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

BNNS502 Nursing Science 2 Part 1 > Nutrition > Flashcards

Nutrition Flashcards

1
Q

Name the six main types of nutrients?

A
  • Water, carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, minerals, vitamins
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Name the three monosaccharides (simple sugars) that are absorbed?

A
  • Glucose, fructose, galactose
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

State the five types of lipids?

A
  • Fatty acid
  • Triglycerides
  • Steroids
  • Phospholipids
  • Prostaglandins
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Describe the function of fatty acid?

A
  • Synthesis of triglycerides & phospholipids

- Catabolised to generate ATP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Describe the function of Triglycerides?

A
  • Protection from injury, insulation from the cold and energy store
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Describe the function of Phospholipids?

A
  • Component of cell membrane and lipoproteins
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Describe the function of Steroids?

A
  • Minor component in cell membrane, precursor to bile salts, vitamin D & steroid hormones
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Describe the function of Prostaglandins?

A
  • Local hormones released from damaged cells that intensify the effects of histamine & induce pain
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

State the major source of energy for the body?

A

Carbohydrates are the main source of fuel for cells and are used to produce ATP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Name the three different lipoproteins?

A

LDL, HDL, VLDL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the function of LDL?

A

Deposits the excess cholesterol in the artery wall where it forms into fatty plaque. This build up to block artery causes strokes and heart attacks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the function of HDL?

A

The major function is to remove excess cholesterol from the peripheral tissue. HDL transports cholesterol to the liver to be made into bile and excreted. It is a anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant molecule that powerfully protects from heart disease in several ways

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the function of VLDL?

A

Delivers triglycerides to adipose tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Name the seven different types of proteins?

A
  • Structural proteins
  • Hormones
  • Contractile
  • Anti bodies
  • Haemoglobin
  • Enzymes
  • Neurotransmitters
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Give one function for structural proteins?

A

Provide strength (e.g collagen in bone; keratin in hair, skin and nails)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Give one function for hormones?

A

e.g insulin acts as a chemical messenger from pancreatic islet cells to cells all over the body

17
Q

Give one function for contractile?

A

Allow shortening of muscle cells

18
Q

Give one function for anti bodies?

A

Provide protection/defence against foreign cells & bacteria

19
Q

Give one function for haemoglobin?

A

Transports oxygen in red blood cells

20
Q

Give one function for enzymes?

A

Speed up chemical reactions

21
Q

Name the four fat soluble vitamins?

A

Vitamin D, E, K, A

22
Q

What is the function for vitamin D?

A

Essential for absorption of calcium & phosphorous from GI tract

23
Q

What is the function for vitamin E?

A

Promote wound healing, prevent scarring, function, formation of RNA, DNA & RBC’s, Protects cell membranes from being destroyed

24
Q

What is the function for vitamin K?

A

Essential for blood clotting

25
Q

What is the function for vitamin A?

A

Formation of photoreceptors in retina, (visual pigments) growth of bones & teeth, health of epithelial cells

26
Q

Explain the function of antioxidant vitamins?

A
  • These vitamins inactivate the oxygen free radicals that arise from damage to cells either naturally or through environment hazards thus preventing further damage and disease.
27
Q

Name the main minerals?

A

Calcium, phosphorus, iron, magnesium, sodium, potassium, iodine, zinc, fluoride

28
Q

Name the main vitamins?

A

A, B1 (thiamine), B2 (riboflavin), B12, C (ascorbic acid), D, E, Folic acid, K

29
Q

What is the main function of calcium?

A
  • Needed for blood clotting, bone, nerve and muscle formation
30
Q

What is the main function of phosphorus?

A
  • Aids in bone formation and used to make ATP, DNA, RNA and phospholipids
31
Q

What is the main function of iron?

A
  • Required for enzyme reaction, RBC formation and function
32
Q

What is the main function of Magnesium?

A
  • Normal functioning of muscle and nervous tissue, formation of bone, aids other enzymes
33
Q

What is the main function of sodium?

A
  • Essential for nerve and muscle function and maintaining fluid balance
34
Q

What is the main function of potassium?

A
  • Conduction of action potentials in neurons and muscle tissue
35
Q

What is the main function of iodine?

A
  • Required for thyroid hormone synthesis
36
Q

What is the main function of zinc?

A
  • Growth, wound healing, taste and appetite, reproductive function, protein digestion, helps other enzymes
37
Q

What is the main function of fluoride?

A

Improve tooth structure (enamel)

38
Q

Absorption of nutrients occurs primarily in the

A

Small intestine

39
Q

The nerves that control the digestive system are located in which tissue layer of the digestive tract?

BNNS502 Nursing Science 2 Part 1 (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions