NURS 301

Question 1

OLDCARTS

Answer 1

onset, location, duration, characteristics, aggravating and alleviating, related symptoms, treatment, and severity

Question 2

IPPA assessment techniques

Answer 2

Inspection, palpation, percussion, auscultation

Question 3

when inspecting skin look for

Answer 3

lesions, tatto, piercings, scars, infections, rashes, bruising, bites, and wounds

Question 4

when assessing any skin disorder what do you use?

Answer 4

ABCDEF, asymmetric, border, color, diameter, elevation, and feel

Question 5

where do you test turgor?

Answer 5

under forearm

Question 6

if tenting is observed

Answer 6

poor skin turgor is noted. tenting= skin slowly receding back into place

Question 7

Braden skin scale tests and is based off of

Answer 7

tests risk for pressure ulcers. Is based off sensory perception, moisture, activity, mobility, nutrition, and friction and shear

Question 8

macule

Answer 8

solely a color change ex: freckles, measles

Question 9

papule

Answer 9

something you can feel. ex: mole, lichen planus, wart

Question 10

plaque

Answer 10

papule that merge together, ex: psoriasis or lichen planus

Question 11

patch

Answer 11

macule that are larger than 1 cm

Question 12

nodule

Answer 12

solid, elevated, hard or soft

Question 13

wheal

Answer 13

superficial, raised, transient, slightly irregular due to edema. Ex: mosquito bite, allergic reaction, TB testing

Question 14

urticaria

Answer 14

Hives. very pruritic (itchy)

Question 15

coalesce

Answer 15

come together to form one mass or whole.

Question 16

tumor

Answer 16

firm/soft, deeper into dermis. May be benign or malignant. Ex: lipoma

Question 17

vesicle

Answer 17

elevated cavity containing free fluid. Ex: varicella, herpes zoster

Question 18

bulla

Answer 18

usually single chambered/superficial in epidermis. Thin wall and ruptures easily. Ex: blister, burns, contact dermatitis

Question 19

pastule

Answer 19

turbid fluid (pus) in the cavity. elevated and circumscribed. Ex: impetigo and acne

Question 20

cyst

Answer 20

encapsulated fluid filled cavity in dermis or subcutaneous layer. Ex: sebaceous cyst

Question 21

crust

Answer 21

thickened, dried out, left when vesicles burst or dry up

Question 22

scale

Answer 22

compact, flakes of skin, silvery, shedding of dead excess keratin cells

Question 23

fissure

Answer 23

linear crack with abrupt edges. extends into dermis, dry Ex: athletes foot, cheilosis

Question 24

cheilosis

Answer 24

painful inflammation and cracking of the corners of the mouth

Question 25

excoriation

Answer 25

self inflicted abrasion, superficial. Ex: insect bites/intense scratching

Question 26

erosion

Answer 26

scooped out but shallow depression. moist but not bleeding

Question 27

lichenification

Answer 27

prolonged intense scratching eventually thickens the skin and produces tightly packed sets of papules. Ex: psoriasis

Question 28

keloid

Answer 28

scar with excess scar tissue

Question 29

purpura

Answer 29

small blood vessels join together or leak blood under the skin

Question 30

petechiae

Answer 30

when purpura spots are very small

Question 31

ecchymosis

Answer 31

large purpura (looks like bruises) look for multiple area at different stages

Question 32

alopecia

Answer 32

balding

Question 33

basal cell carcinoma

Answer 33

most common, starts out as skin colored papule and grows slowly

Question 34

squamous cell carcinoma

Answer 34

red, scaly, equal to or greater than 1 cm, grows rapidly

Question 35

melanoma

Answer 35

very aggressive, originates in the melanocytes, most are brown and black, but can be red, pink, purple. kills about 1 person an hour

Question 36

cultural considerations for skin

Answer 36

coining and cupping

Question 37

areas of common skin breakdown in supine position

Answer 37

occiput, scalpula, sacrum, heels

Question 38

annular

Answer 38

ringed with clear center

Question 39

linear

Answer 39

straight line

Question 40

circinate

Answer 40

circular like a C

Question 41

confluent

Answer 41

lesions run together

Question 42

discrete

Answer 42

individual/distinct

Question 43

discoid

Answer 43

disc - shaped without central clearing

Question 44

zostiform

Answer 44

linear clustered along the nerve root

Question 45

generalized

Answer 45

widespread

Question 46

villus hair

Answer 46

short, fine, covers most the body, unpigmented

Question 47

terminal hair

Answer 47

coarser and thicker. pigmented. scalp, eyebrows, pubic hair...

Question 48

clubbing

Answer 48

shape of nails. late sign of perfusion to peripheral circulation. can be from smoking or congenital

Question 49

spooning

Answer 49

concave curves in nails. from iron deficiency

Question 50

jagged

Answer 50

shape in nails from chronic anxiety

Question 51

pitting

Answer 51

seen in nails from psoriasis

Question 52

paronychia

Answer 52

infection of the nail folds