301 review

Question 1

stage 1 pressure ulcer

Answer 1

purple/maroon discolored area/blood filled blister. the skin remains intact, nonblanchable redness

Question 2

stage 2 pressure ulcer

Answer 2

partial thickness loss of dermis, looks like an open blister, no slough

Question 3

stage 3 pressure ulcer

Answer 3

full thickness tissue loss, fat may be visible but not bone or tendon, can include undermining or tunneling

Question 4

stage 4 pressure ulcer

Answer 4

full thickness loss with exposed bone, tendon, or muscle. slough or eschar can be present. high risk of osteomyelitis

Question 5

unstageable pressure ulcer

Answer 5

full thickness tissue loss in which the base of the ulcer is covered in eschar, slough, or both. eschar has to be surgically removed unless on heal

Question 6

1st degree burn

Answer 6

superficial

Question 7

2nd degree burn

Answer 7

superficial partial thickness

Question 8

3rd degree burn

Answer 8

partial thickness

Question 9

4th degree burn

Answer 9

full thickness

Question 10

normal respiratory rates

Answer 10

newborn - 30-60 
infant - 30-50
toddler - 25-32
child - 20-30
adolescent - 16-19
adult - 12-20

Question 11

cystic fibrosis

Answer 11

• mucus producing cells always secreting

Question 12

precuts excavatum

Answer 12

congenital posterior displacement of lower aspect of sternum. this gives the chest a hollowed out look

Question 13

kyphosis

Answer 13

causes the patient to be bent forward

Question 14

adventitious sounds during percussion

Answer 14

hyper resonance (sign of emphysema), dull sounds (signs of fluid, pneumonia, or mass), or no sound present

Question 15

expected findings of bronchophony

Answer 15

sounds should be muffled, is sounds are clear can indicate consolidation

Question 16

atelectasis

Answer 16

• consolidation and closing of small airways. will have decreased breath sounds in the bases

Question 17

pleural effusion

Answer 17

fluid in pleural space

Question 18

pneumothorax

Answer 18

air in pleural space - can cause tracheal deviation to good side

Question 19

paresthesia

Answer 19

numbness and tingling

Question 20

valve stenosis

Answer 20

valve opening is narrowed. tissue is stiffer. heard during diastole when valve is opening. forward flow of blood impaired

Question 21

valve regurgitation

Answer 21

incomplete valve back flow of the blood. heard when valve is trying to close.

Question 22

cor pulmonale

Answer 22

right ventricle hypertrophy

Question 23

what objective finings would you predict to find with mitral valve regurgitation

Answer 23

Many people asymptomatic. Weakness, fatigue, Dyspnea on exertion, palpitations, systolic murmur, possible s3 heart sound. Could be acute- signs of pulmonary edema, thready pulse, cool, Clammy extremities

Question 24

people with burns are at risk for

Answer 24

hypovolemic shock

Question 25

normal albumin

Answer 25

3.5-5 gdL

Question 26

prealbumin normal levels

Answer 26

15-36 mg/dL

Question 27

normal levels of blood glucose

Answer 27

70-105 mg/dL

Question 28

how do you calculate BMI with inches and pounds

Answer 28

((weight in pounds/(height in inches x height inches)) X 703

Question 29

underweight BMI

Answer 29

18.5

Question 30

esophagus ph

Answer 30

6-8

Question 31

stomach ph

Answer 31

2-4

Question 32

liver functions

Answer 32

bile production, secretion to emulsify fat, transfer bilirubin, metabolism of proteins, carbohydrates, and fats, storage of glucose in form of glycogen, production of clotting factors and fibrinogen for coagulation, synthesis of plasma proteins, detoxification of substances, and storage of minerals and vitamins

Question 33

gallbladder

Answer 33

stores bile produced by liver and ducts drain bile into duodenum

Question 34

pancreas

Answer 34

produces endocrine secretions and exocrine secretions

Question 35

Right upper quadrant

Answer 35

liver, gallbladder, pylorus, duodenum, head of pancreas, right kidney, right adrenal gland, hepatic flexure of colon, portions of ascending and transverse colon

Question 36

left upper quadrant

Answer 36

stomach, spleen, left lobe of liver, body of pancreas, left kidney, left adrenal gland, splenic flexure of colon, and portions of transverse and descending colon

Question 37

left lower quadrant

Answer 37

portion of descending colon, sigmoid colon, left ureter, left ovary, left spermatic cord, bladder if distended, and uterus if enlarged

Question 38

right lower quadrant

Answer 38

cecum, appendix, right ovary, right ureter, right spermatic cord, bladder if distended, and uterus if enlarged

Question 39

peptic ulcer disease risk factors

Answer 39

H. Pylori, NSAIDS, ASA, corticosteroids

Question 40

tendon

Answer 40

muscle to bone

Question 41

ligament

Answer 41

bone to bone

Question 42

vagus

Answer 42

- knocked knees and usually obese

Question 43

varus knees

Answer 43

- bowed and usually skinny

Question 44

what is the screening for osteoporosis

Answer 44

Dexa

Question 45

what withdrawals can kill you

Answer 45

alcohol and benzo

Question 46

at risk for stroke (CVA)

Answer 46

coronary vascular disease

Question 47

Sepsis signs and symptoms

Answer 47

high HR, fever, shivering, fever, confusion, shortness of breath, pain, clammy, sweaty

Question 48

Artery carry no O2

Answer 48

pulmonary artery

Question 49

only joint that can circumduction

Answer 49

ball and socket

Question 50

Where do reflexes originate

Answer 50

reflex arc

Question 51

exception to direction of arteries and veins

Answer 51

- pulmonary vein and artery