NUR 220 - Quiz 3 Flashcards
what muscles are responsible for breathing
diaphragm + external intercostals
inspiration
diaphragm contracts down
expiration
diaphragm relaxes up
when putting someone on oxygen you must do what?
humidify it
big 3 respiratory symptoms
- coughing
- shortness of breath
- chest pain with breathing
sputum
mucous coughed up
orthopnea
difficulty breathing while laying down
two main symptoms of heart attack in men
- viselike (squeezing)
- tight
two main symptoms of heart attack in women
- backpain
- shortness of breath
pleuritic chest pain
sharp/stabbing pain upon inspiration
how can we decrease splinting chest pain?
hold pillow to chest while coughing or getting up
normal respiration rate
12-20
bradypnea
below 12 rpm
tachypnea
above 20 rpm
3 common symptoms of oxygen issues
- cyanosis
- clubbing
- capillary refill
fremitus
feeling for vibrations during speechh
how to conduct fremitus test
place palm of hand on chest and have patient repeat “99”
if the fremitus test is abnormal what does that mean?
inflammation
costal angie should be less than what?
90 degrees
barrel chest have a costal angel of what?
above 90 degrees
what happens to the brain when patients have decreased oxygen?
changes in level of conciousness and mental alertness
where are crackles most common?
lung bases
what does rhonchi sound like?
snorous wheezes
where is rhonchi primarily heard?
trachea and bronchi - everywhere if loud enough
where are wheezes heard?
everywhere
what is the most serious kind of lung sound?
stridor
where can you hear pleural friction rub?
lateral sides (anterior)
where are male patients respirations?
diaphragmatic
where are female patients respirations?
costal
always auscultation from ____ to _____
apex to base
when are crackles heard?
inspirations
when is wheezing heard?
expiration
when is stridor heard?
inspiratory
