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Nursing School > NUR 220 - Cardiovasc. + Ab/GI > Flashcards

NUR 220 - Cardiovasc. + Ab/GI Flashcards

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1
Q

what is the normal heart rate?

A

60-100 bpm

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2
Q

what area of the heart can become enlarged with cardiac issues?

A

left ventricle

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3
Q

what are the three layers of the heart from outside to inside

A

pericardium, myocardium, endocardium

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4
Q

what are the AV valves?

A

tricuspid and mitral

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5
Q

what are the semilunar valves?

A

aortic and pulmonic

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6
Q

what is systole?

A

ventricles contracting

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7
Q

what sound does systole make?

A

LUB

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8
Q

what valves close during systole?

A

tricuspid + mitral

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9
Q

what is diastole?

A

ventricles relaxing and filling

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10
Q

what sound does diastole make?

A

DUB

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11
Q

what valves close during diastole?

A

aortic + pulmonic

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12
Q

what is the pacemaker of the heart

A

sinoatrial SA node

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13
Q

what happens if the SA node fails?

A

AV node starts

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14
Q

what is the normal rate for the atrioventricular AV node?

A

40-60bpm

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15
Q

what is the normal rate for the perkinje fibers and bundle of his?

A

20-40bpm

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16
Q

what happens if the SA and AV node fails?

A

perkinje fibers + bundle of his start up

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17
Q

why do we always ask about herbal medications?

A

could interact with prescribed meds

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18
Q

what is rhuematic fever?

A

unhealed strep throat that causes scar tissue on the heart

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19
Q

what is nitroglycerin?

A

vasodilator that can relieve chest pain

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20
Q

side effect of nitroglycerin

A

bad headaches

21
Q

hemoptysis

A

coughing up blood

22
Q

nocturia

A

peeing at night frequently

23
Q

unilateral edema

A

swelling on one side only

24
Q

when female patients experience edema, what must we ask them?

A

is swelling associated with menstrual cycle?

25
Q

intermittent claudication

A

leg pain while walking but not sitting

26
Q

arterial insufficiency

A

blood not getting to lower extremities

27
Q

what is semi fowlers position?

A

putting client at 45 degree angle

28
Q

bradychardia

A

less than 60 bpm

29
Q

tachycardia

A

more than 100 bpm

30
Q

hypoxia

A

decreased O2 in blood

31
Q

what is a doppler?

A

ultrasound device used to hear pulse

32
Q

when would you use a doppler?

A

when you cannot palpate pulse

33
Q

what is the order in which you should auscultate the heart?

A

aortic, pulmonic, erbs point, tricuspid, mitral

34
Q

petractions

A

chest sunken in

35
Q

where do you hear the apical pulse?

A

mitral valve

36
Q

what is splitting?

A

extra heart sounds, valves not closing at same time

37
Q

what is GERD

A

gastroesophageal reflux disease

38
Q

abdominal distension

A

makes you look pregnant
- collection of abdominal fluid
- hard to touch + shiny

39
Q

ascites

A

collection of abdominal fluid caused by liver not functioning properly

40
Q

two positions for abdominal assessment

A
  • supine
  • dorsal recumbant
41
Q

what do you NEVER palpate?

A

a pulsating mass

42
Q

if there is pain with kidney palpationg what could that be?

A

UTI

43
Q

rebound tenderness

A

not painful when palpating but painful when you take your hand away

44
Q

when would peristaltic movement and aortic pulsations be visible?

A

when the patient is very thin

45
Q

borborygmi

A

sounds of peristalsis

46
Q

bruits

A

blowing sound caused by blood passing through narrow vessel

47
Q

how do you auscultate bruits?

A

bell

48
Q

stenosis

A

hardening of artery

49
Q

where should you listen for bruits?

A

femoral, iliac, kidney, and aortic arteries

Nursing School (14 decks)

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