NUR 220 - Lecture 3

Question 1

what test do we use to test Cranial Nerve II Optic?

Answer 1

snellen chart

Question 2

what test do we use to test peripheral vision?

Answer 2

confrontation test

Question 3

what does HEENT stand for?

Answer 3

Head Ears Eyes Nose Throat

Question 4

hair observations

Answer 4

• fine vs. thick
• shiny vs. dull

Question 5

scalp observations

Answer 5

• look at it
• feel for lesions
• redness
• flakes

Question 6

skin observations

Answer 6

• even skin tone
• smooth
• facial hair
• no edema

Question 7

what is included in gathering head history

Answer 7

• headaches
• injuries
• surgeries
• pain
• sun exposure
• birth history

Question 8

where is patient looking during confrontation test?

Answer 8

your nose

Question 9

skull observations

Answer 9

• symmetry
• bumps
• size
• normocephalic

Question 10

face observations

Answer 10

• eyes + eyebrows
• palpebral fissures
• symmetry
• calm expression

Question 11

why is it important to gather recent visual changes at the beginning of the eye exam?

Answer 11

you can act quickly

Question 12

what family history can affect vision?

Answer 12

• cataracts
• glaucoma
• diabetes
• HTN

Question 13

what STI’s can affect vision?

Answer 13

• chlamydia
• gonorreah

Question 14

what part of the eye does the Snellen chart test?

Answer 14

CN II Optic

Question 15

what does the confrontation test assess?

Answer 15

peripheral vision

Question 16

how many blinks per minute?

Answer 16

15-20

Question 17

how to look at conjunctiva

Answer 17

pull lid up and pull down

Question 18

healthy conjunctiva appearance

Answer 18

pink/pale pink

Question 19

healthy sclera

Answer 19

white + clear

Question 20

healthy cornea

Answer 20

no film over eye

Question 21

healthy iris

Answer 21

color is round and consistent

Question 22

how is the lens tested?

Answer 22

visual acuity tests such as snellen chart

Question 23

mneumonic for pupil

Answer 23

PERRLA

Question 24

what does PERRLA stand for?

Answer 24

P - Pupil is
E - equal
R - round
R - reactive to
L- light
A - accommodation

Question 25

when testing accommodations distance = ____ and close = _____,

Answer 25

distance = dilate close = constrict

Question 26

what does 20/50 vision mean?

Answer 26

you have to stand at 20 feet to read what a normal person usually reads at 50 feet

Question 27

how do we test parallell tracking?

Answer 27

six cardinal fields of gaze test

Question 28

how is the six cardinal fields of gaze test conducted?

Answer 28

draw a star or an H and have client follow

Question 29

what is the corneal light relfex test?

Answer 29

shine light at bridge of nose - reflection of light should be the same spot in both eyes

Question 30

3 types of pupillary response

Answer 30

1. direct reflex 2. consensual relex 3. accommodation

Question 31

direct reflex

Answer 31

pupil constricts

Question 32

consensual reflex

Answer 32

when shining light in one pupil, the other one simulatenously constricts

Question 33

what does the opthalmoscope look at?

Answer 33

retina

Question 34

what damage can be seen in the opthalmoscope?

Answer 34

damaged to the retina caused by diabetes or hypertension

Question 35

presbycusis

Answer 35

hearing loss

Question 36

tinnitus

Answer 36

ringing in ear

Question 37

ear pain word

Answer 37

otoalgia

Question 38

vertigo

Answer 38

trouble balancing

Question 39

pinna of ear should be in line with what?

Answer 39

outer eye

Question 40

serumen

Answer 40

earwax

Question 41

what does an otoscope look at?

Answer 41

ear canal

Question 42

how do you do a whisper test?

Answer 42

stand behind patient, have them cover one ear, say three words and have them repeat it back

Question 43

how do you do a finger rubbing test?

Answer 43

stand infront of patient and have them close their eyes, rub you fingers on one side of their head and have them tell you what direction the rubbing is coming from

Question 44

which is first, webber or rinne test?

Answer 44

webber

Question 45

how do you do the webber test

Answer 45

smack tuning fork and place it on patients forehead. they should hear it equally in both ears

Question 46

what does it mean is a patient hears the webber test better in one ear?

Answer 46

the ear that they hear it better in has conductive hearing loss

Question 47

how do you do the rine test?

Answer 47

smack fork and place on patients mastoid bone and count how long they hear it. when they no longer hear it place next to ear and count again.

Question 48

_____ should be twice as long as ______.

Answer 48

air conduction should be twice as long as bone conduction

Question 49

if bone conduction is longer than air conduction then that means ...

Answer 49

conductive hearing loss

Question 50

how do you straighten an adults ear for an otoscope?

Answer 50

up and back

Question 51

how do you straighten a childs ear for an otoscope?

Answer 51

down and back

Question 52

ethmoid sinus location

Answer 52

bridge of nose between eyes

Question 53

sphenoid sinus location

Answer 53

behind ethmoid sinus

Question 54

patency

Answer 54

nose obstruction

Question 55

what are the two sinuses you can palpate?

Answer 55

frontal and maxillary

Question 56

cheilitis

Answer 56

chapped lips

Question 57

cyanosis

Answer 57

blue/purple coloring; in darker tone ppl mouth may appear blue/grey

Question 58

jaundice

Answer 58

yellow coloring

Question 59

what is jaundice caused by

Answer 59

liver not processing bilirubin

Question 60

where do you check for jaundice in darker people?

Answer 60

sclera, palms, soles of feet

Question 61

erythema

Answer 61

inflammation from bug bite

Question 62

how to test for erythema in darker people?

Answer 62

feel for temperature

Question 63

pallor

Answer 63

paleness

Question 64

ecchymosis

Answer 64

bruising

Question 65

what is unique about ecchymosis?

Answer 65

color changes as bruises heal

Question 66

petechiae

Answer 66

pinpoint, flat, red spots

Question 67

what causes petechiae

Answer 67

small blood vessels rupturing

Question 68

what are come causes of petechiae (3)

Answer 68

- drug reaction - liver issue - or nothing

Question 69

edema

Answer 69

fluid build up