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Maths > Numbers > Flashcards

Numbers Flashcards

1
Q

Positive

A
  • Numbers greater than zero

* written with or without sign (+)

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2
Q

Negative

A
  • Numbers less than zero

* Always written with sign (-)

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3
Q

Natural Numbers/Counting numbers

A

eg. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5

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4
Q

Whole numbers

A

Natural numbers with 0

0, 1, 2, 3, 4,

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5
Q

Integer

A

• Both negative and positive numbers

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6
Q

Rational Numbers

A

Where ‘a’ and ‘b’ are integers and b does not equal to zero.

All numbers can be expressed by a/b

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7
Q

○

A

Means number is not included in number line.

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8
Q

●

A

This means number is included in the number line

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9
Q

x>2

A

x is greater than to 2

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10
Q

x<3

A

x is less than 3

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11
Q

Squared Number

A
  • A number formed by multiplying a number by itself.

* No negative number can be a square number.

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12
Q

Cubed number

A

• Is formed by multiplying a number by itself 3 times.

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13
Q

Square Root

A

A number which is multiplied by itself to make a squared number

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14
Q

Prime number

A

A number which is only divisible by 1 and itself.

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15
Q

Factors

A

Any number that will divide exactly to the given number (5 is a factor 1, 2, 3, 4, and 6 are factors of 12).

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16
Q

Prime factors

A

A number which is prime and also a factor of another number.

(3 and 2 are prime factors of 12).

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17
Q

Product

A

Multiply

The product of a and b

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18
Q

Quotient

A

Divide

The quotient of a and b

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19
Q

Top of a fraction

A

Numerator

How many parts to take

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20
Q

Bottom of the fraction

A

Denominator

How many parts to split something into

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21
Q

Vulgar fraction

A

A number written by numerator and determinator rather than decimals

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22
Q

Proper fraction

A

The numerator is less than the determinator.

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23
Q

Improper fraction

A

When the numerator is greater than the determinator.

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24
Q

Cancelling Down

A

Dividing the top and bottom number without changing the fraction.

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25
Q

What is the method to work out sequencing?

A

Find the difference between the numbers.

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26
Q

How to convert a mixed number to an improper fraction.

A

Multiply the whole number with the denominator and then add on the numerator.

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27
Q

How to add and subtract fraction when denominator is the same?

A

Add or subtract the numerators.

28
Q

How to add and subtract fraction when denominator is not the same?

A

Make denominator the same

Method 1: Find the lowest common multiple of the denominators

Method 2: multiply both denominators together.

29
Q

How to put fractions in order?

A

Work out the lowest common denominator (multiple) and then multiply the numerator by the same number the denominator was multiplied by.

30
Q

How to multiply fractions

A

Cancel down by finding HCF between opposite numerators and denominators.

Then multiply the numerators and the denominators

31
Q

How to divide fractions

A

Turn the second fraction upside down and then use the multiplication method

32
Q

What to do when confronted by multiplication or division of mixed numbers.

A

Convert them into improper fractions

33
Q

How to add mixed numbers if denominator is the same

A

Add the whole numbers together and then the fraction

34
Q

How to add mixed numbers if denominator is different.

A

Cancel down first as when adding fractions and then add the mixed number with the whole number.

35
Q

How to subtract mixed numbers

A

Subtract hole numbers

Use the addition principle and then minus at the end.

36
Q

How to subtract mixed numbers if the second fraction is larger than the first

A

Convert into improper fraction then apply usual subtraction method.

37
Q

Fraction of

A

It means to multiply the fraction

38
Q

Fractions within fractions

A

The numerator and the denominator must be worked out separately before the final fraction

39
Q

Operation

A

A mathematical action or event e.g the act of multiplying 4 by 4.

40
Q

Inverse operation

A

An operation that undoes one another

3x5 = 15
15/3  = 5

(Working from the other end)

41
Q

Place value

A

Whether a number is in thousands hundreds and units etc.

When moving right you divide by 10
When moving left you multiply by 10.

42
Q

Converting decimals into fractions

A

Multiply the decimal by the place value of the last number

43
Q

Adding and subtracting decimals

A

Same as integers but don’t forget the decimal

44
Q

Multiplying decimals

A

Multiply in whole numbers.

The amount of digits of the decimal point in the whole some should be the same in the answer.

45
Q

Division of decimals

A

Multiply the decimal to make a whole number and then the divide the while numbers.

46
Q

The Rule of rounding in general

A

Round down if the digit is less than 4

And round up if the digit is 5 or more.

47
Q

How to round decimal numbers

A

Look at the next digit in the following decimal place. If this 0 to 4 leave the digit as it is; if the next decimal is 5 to 9 add one to the digit you are considering.

48
Q

The sign for recurring decimals

A

Put a dot over the decimal which recurs.

49
Q

When will the decimal equivalent not have recurring figures

A

If the denominator only has prime factors 2 and 5

50
Q

What is a reciprocal

A

A reciprocal of a number is 1 divided by the number.

51
Q

What equation is the same as 12 multiplied by the reciprocal of 3

A

12 divided by 3

52
Q

What is any non zero number multiplied by its reciprocal

A

1

53
Q

What is the absolute error

A

The limits in where a measurement lies

It is half of the smallest significant unit in the calculation.

54
Q

What are Unit fractions

And the easy approach

A

Fractions with one at the top.

The easy approach is to flip them over

Multiply 35 by 1/5 is 35 divided by 5

Divide 35 by 1/4 is 35 multiplied by 4

55
Q

What is index notation?

A

The powers of numbers

56
Q

Description of 3 squared

A

The 3 is called the base and the 2 above is called the index/indices.

57
Q

How to multiply powers and indices?

A

Add the indices together.

58
Q

How to divide powers?

A

Subtract the indices.

59
Q

Anything to the power of 0 equals

A

1

60
Q

a can be any number apart from

A

0

61
Q

What is the inverse of a power?

A

A root

62
Q

How to find the root of fractions

A

Find the root of the numerator and the denominator separately

63
Q

Why might you here the term negative square roots

A

Every positive number has two roots a positive root and a negative root.

64
Q

Standard form

A

Writing numbers between 1 - 10 multiplied by a power of 10.

65
Q

How to multiply a positive number by 10?

A

Move decimal to the right or number to the left.

We do the opposite when multiplying a negative number by the power of 10

66
Q

How to convert a number into standard form?

A

Move the decimal point to the position which makes the number become a number between 1 -10.

67
Q

When multiplying powers and the number is bigger than 10.

A

Divide the base by 10 (move the decimal left).

Then multiply the index by 10 and one more to the power.

So 54 x 10 to the power of 22 becomes 5.4 x 10 to the power of 23.

Maths (36 decks)

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