Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors Flashcards
What does NRTI stand for?
Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor
What is the primary action of NRTIs?
To inhibit reverse transcriptase, preventing viral RNA from being converted into DNA.
True or False: NRTIs are effective against both HIV and Hepatitis B viruses.
True
Name one common NRTI.
Zidovudine (AZT)
What is a major adverse effect of NRTIs?
Lactic acidosis
Fill in the blank: NRTIs are often used in combination with ________ to enhance antiviral effects.
other antiretroviral drugs
Which NRTI is known for causing peripheral neuropathy?
Stavudine (d4T)
What is the route of administration for most NRTIs?
Oral
True or False: NRTIs can be used during pregnancy.
True, but caution is advised.
What serious condition can prolonged use of NRTIs lead to?
Mitochondrial toxicity
Name a contraindication for NRTIs.
Hypersensitivity to the drug
Which NRTI is associated with anemia as a side effect?
Zidovudine (AZT)
True or False: NRTIs do not require renal dose adjustment.
False, many NRTIs require renal dose adjustment.
What is the mechanism by which NRTIs inhibit reverse transcriptase?
They mimic natural nucleosides and get incorporated into viral DNA, leading to chain termination.
Fill in the blank: The first NRTI approved for HIV treatment was ________.
Zidovudine (AZT)
What monitoring is essential for patients on NRTIs?
Liver function tests and signs of lactic acidosis
Which NRTI is known for its potential to cause renal toxicity?
Tenofovir
True or False: NRTIs can be used as a monotherapy for HIV.
False, they are usually used in combination therapy.
What class of drugs do NRTIs belong to?
Antiretroviral drugs
Name an NRTI that is a prodrug.
Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate
What is a common side effect of all NRTIs?
Gastrointestinal disturbances
Fill in the blank: NRTIs are primarily eliminated through the ________.
kidneys
What is the impact of NRTIs on viral load?
They reduce viral load in patients with HIV.
Which NRTI is contraindicated in patients with severe liver disease?
Didanosine (ddI)
True or False: NRTIs can interact with other medications.
True, they can have drug-drug interactions.
What is the role of NRTIs in post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP)?
They are part of the recommended regimen to prevent HIV infection after potential exposure.
