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PH 161 > Nucleoproteins > Flashcards

Nucleoproteins Flashcards

0
Q

Histone are positively charged at physiologic pH due to high content of __ & ___

A

Lysine and arginine

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1
Q

Protein combined with DNA is often ___ or ___

A

Histone or protamine

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2
Q

5 classes of histones

A 
H1
H2A
H2B
H3
H4
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3
Q

structural core of __is composed of 2 molecules each of H2A,H2B,H3,H4

A

Nucleosome

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4
Q

Neighboring nucleosomes joined by “linker” DNA approx __base pairs long

A

50

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5
Q

Her images suggested that DNA had spiral shape.

A

Rosalind Franklin

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6
Q

In purines, base of nucleotide is joined covalently at__

A

N9

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7
Q

A nucleoside consists of a N-base linked by a ___ to C1 of a ribose or deoxyribose

A

glycosidic bond

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8
Q

Nucleotide: nucleoside that forms ___ with C5 OH group of ribose or deoxyribose

A

phosphate ester

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9
Q

All bonds are in ribonucleotides except:

a) O-glycosidic bond
b) ester bond
c) anhydride bond

A

a)O-glycosidic bond

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10
Q

In the sugar-phosphate backbone of nucleic acids, the phosphate group joins the ____ of one sugar to the ___ of the sugar next in line.

A

3rd carbon

5th carbon

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11
Q

The sugar-phosphate backbone is hydrophobic, true or false?

A

False. Hydrophilic siya.

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12
Q

In test tube, RNA is hydrolyzed fast at ___ condition

a. acidic
b. basic
c. neutral
d. all
e. none

A

b. basic

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13
Q

Free purines and pyrimidines are weakly ____ compounds and may exist in two or more tautomeric forms, dep on pH

a. acidic
b. basic

A

b. basic

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14
Q

All nucleotide bases absorb UV light. true or false?

A

true

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15
Q

Purine and pyrimidine bases are hydrophilic at near-neutral cell pH, true or false?

A

false. hydrophobic dapat

16
Q 
[Nucleic Acid Structure]
Find the mismatched pair/s
a. secondary structure: covalent structure and nucleotide sequence
b. tertiary structure: super coiling
c. primary structure: double helix
d.none of the above
e. all are mismatched
A

a. secondary structure: covalent structure and nucleotide sequence
AND
c. primary structure: double helix

baliktad sila :)

17
Q

According to Chargaff, which N-bases have equal percentages in DNA?
A. adenine-guanine, cytosine-thymine
B. adenine-cytosine, thymine-guanine
C. guanine-cytosine, adenine-thymine
D. All of them have equal percentages with each other.

A

C. guanine-cytosine, adenine-thymine

18
Q

False about DNA

a. 2 strands run in the same direction
b. sugar-phosphate backbone outside, N–bases inside
c. DNA melts at 85-90 degrees Celsius
d. DNA releases UV light at melting point

A

a. 2 strands run in the same direction

opposite direction dapat

19
Q

Which is the most stable DNA form under physiological conditions?

a. A form
b. B form
c. Z form
d. all of them are equally stable under physiological conditions

A

b. B form

20
Q

True or false: DNA is organized into chromosomes even if the cell isn’t replicating.

A

False. DNA is only organized into chromosomes when the cell is replicating.

21
Q

Explain semi-conservative replication of DNA

A

one strand of each daughter DNA comes from parent DNA and the other strand is new

22
Q

energy of DNA synthesis comes from hydrolysis of phosphate bonds as ___ form between bases

A

phosphodiester bonds

23
Q

To start DNA replication, this enzyme unwinds several sections of parent DNA

A

Helicase

24
Q

at each open DNA section, called ___, DNA polymerase catalyzes the formation of 5’-3’ ester bonds of the _____

A

replication fork

leading strand

25
Q

the lagging strand, which grows in 3’-5’ direction, is synthesized in short fragments called ____

A

Okazaki fragments

26
Q

The Okazaki fragments are joined by ____ to give single 3’-5’ DNA strand

A

DNA ligase

27
Q

What makes RNA more susceptible to hydrolysis than DNA?

A

Extra OH group

28
Q

Major function of ribosomal RNA

A

Make up most of the ribosomal content

29
Q

major function of messenger RNA

A

Carries information for protein sythesis from DNA in nucleus to ribosomes

30
Q

major function of transfer RNA

A

brings amino acids to ribosomes for protein synthesis

31
Q

DNA in 1M HCl solution undergoes degradation by ___

A

removal of purine bases

PH 161 (12 decks)

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