Fatty Acid Metabolism

Question 0

Transport of Long chain fatty acids into the mitochondria is made possible via the ___

Answer 0

Carnitine shuttle

Question 1

Fatty acid synthesis occurs in the following except:
A)liver
B)kidney
C)lactating mammary gland
D)adipose

Answer 1

B)kidney

Question 2

The carnitine shuttle is inhibited by ___

Answer 2

Malonyl CoA

Question 3

False about production Of Cytosolic Acetyl CoA

a) first step in de novo synthesis of fatty acids
b) only small amount of ATP is needed for this
c) transfer of acetate units from mitochondria to cytosol via citrate synthase
d) citrate and co-enzyme A are converted by ATP-citrate lyase into cytosolic acetyl CoA + oxaloacetate

Answer 3

b) only small amount of ATP is needed for this

large amounts of ATP are needed for this

Question 4

false about Malonyl CoA Formation

a. biotin required as coenzyme
b. catalyst: acetyl CoA decarboxylase
c. insulin activates the rate-limiting enzyme here
d. glucagon and epinephrine inactivates the rate-limiting enzyme here

Answer 4

b. catalyst: acetyl CoA decarboxylase

acetyl CoA carboxylase dapat, and this is the rate-limiting enzyme :D

Question 5

Does methionine inhibit acetyl CoA decarboxylase?

Answer 5

Yes.
* activation of AMPK –> lowers serum TAG; inhibits:
ACC activity (phosphorylation)
ACC & fatty acid synthase expression (decrease SREBP-1)
* increases AMPK-mediated glucose uptake (muscle) –> lowers blood glucose

Question 6

Which is not part of fatty acid synthase?

a. Acetyl CoA-ACP acetyltransacylase
b. Malonyl CoA-ACP transacylase
c. 3-Ketoacetyl-ACP reductase
d. Enoyl-ACP reductase
e. none of the above

Answer 6

e. none of the above

yung kulang na lang ay 3-Ketoacetyl-ACP synthase! fatty acid synthase is a multifunctional enzyme <3

Question 7

When is fatty acid synthase action terminated?

Answer 7

Process is terminated when fatty acid reaches 16 carbons || palmitoyl –S-ACP

Question 8

2 Major Sources Of The NADPH Required For Fatty Acid Synthesis

Answer 8

Hexose monophosphate pathway

Cytosolic conversion of malate to pyruvate

Question 9

primary end-product of fatty acid synthase activity

Answer 9

palmitate

Question 10

The following are required in desaturation of fatty acids except:

a. NADH
b. AMP
c. Cytochrome b5
d. FAD-linked reductase

Answer 10

b. AMP

Question 11

Fatty acids are esterified through their ___groups

Answer 11

carboxyl

Question 12

initial acceptor of fatty acids during TAG synthesis

Answer 12

glycerol phosphate

Question 13

Where is TAG stored in adipose?

Answer 13

cytosol

Question 14

From the liver, TAG is transported via __

Answer 14

lipoproteins

Question 15

propionyl CoA is yielded from oxidation of ____

Answer 15

fatty acids with odd number of C-atoms

Question 16

enzyme responsible for oxidation of monounsaturated fatty acids

Answer 16

3,2-enoyl CoA isomerase

Question 17

Ketogenesis inhibits pyruvate dehydrogenase

and activates pyruvate carboxylase. True or false?

Answer 17

true

Question 18

enzyme at rate-limiting step of ketogenesis

Answer 18

HMG CoA synthase

Question 19

synthesis of ketone bodies is determined by which ratio?

Answer 19

NAD+/NADH ratio

Question 20

Which is not a ketone body?

a. Acetoacetate
b. 3-hydroxybutyrate
c. dihydroxyacetone phosphate
d. acetone

Answer 20

c. dihydroxyacetone phosphate

Question 21

Why is the liver unable to use ketone bodies as fuel?

Answer 21

Liver lacks thiophorase

Question 22

end product of fatty acid degradation

Answer 22

acetyl CoA

Question 23

activator of fatty acid synthesis

Answer 23

citrate

Question 24

In what organelle does fatty acid degradation occur?

Answer 24

primarily mitochondria