Lipid Chemistry

Question 0

Esters of fatty acids with various alcohols

Answer 0

Simple lipids

Question 1

Two essential fatty acids

Answer 1

linoleate

linolenate

Question 2

Esters of fatty acids containing groups in addition to an alcohol and a FA

Answer 2

Complex lipids

Question 3

False abt fatty acids
• Aliphatic carboxylic acids
•Occur mainly as esters in natural fats and oil
• occur in the unesterified form as free fatty acids

Answer 3

• occur in the unesterified form as free fatty acids

Fatty acids DO NOT occur in the unesterified form as free fatty acids

Question 4

[NOMENCLATURE]
___ fatty acids end in -anoic and
___ fatty acids end in –enoic

Choices:unsaturated,saturated

Answer 4

1st blank:saturated

2nd blank:unsaturated

Question 5

Saturated fatty acids have double bonds. True or false?

Answer 5

False. Unsaturated ones have :)

Question 6

Linoleic and alpha-linolenic acids are ___ fatty acids

A.saturated
B.monounsaturated
C.Polyunsaturated

Answer 6

C.polyunsaturated

Question 7

Which is not a monounsaturated fatty acid?
Oleic acid
Palmitic acid
Elaidic acid

Answer 7

Palmitic acid

Question 8

False of prostanoids (type of eicosanoids)
A.modulate adenyl cyclase activity
B.control platelet aggregation C.stimulate effect of antidiuretic hormone in the kidney

Answer 8

C.stimulate effect of antidiuretic hormone in the kidney

Inhibit dapat

Question 9

False about leukotrienes
A. They are saturated fatty acids
B. They have muscle contractant and chemotactic properties
C. They are important in allergic reactions and inflammation.

Answer 9

A. They are eicosanoids, not saturated fatty acids.

Question 10

Cis: if acyl chains are on the same side Trans: if on opposite side

Tama ba ito o mali?

Answer 10

Tama

Question 11

I. Most naturally ocurring unsaturated fatty acids have trans double bonds.
II.Trans fats are the unhealthy fats.

Which statement is false?

Answer 11

II

Question 12

Which statement is false?
I. The melting point of even-numbered-carbon fatty acids decrease with chain length and increase according to unsaturation.
II. The membrane lipids which must be fluid at all environmental temperatures are more unsaturated than storage lipids.

Answer 12

I. Dapat kasi: The melting point of even-numbered-carbon fatty acids increase with chain length and decrease according to unsaturation.

Question 13

These are Esters of the alcohol glycerol and fatty acids.

Answer 13

Triacylglycerols

Question 14

Carbons 1 and 3 of Glycerol are identical. Yes?

Answer 14

No

Question 15

Two groups of phospholipids: __ and __

Answer 15

Glycophospholipids

Sphingomyelins

Question 16

Parts of a sphingomyelin: enumerate

Answer 16

Sphingomyosine backbone
Alcohol
Phosphate
One fatty acid

Question 17

What alcohol is usually present in sphingomyelin?

Answer 17

Choline

Question 18

Parts of glycophospholipid:enumerate

Answer 18

Glycerol backbone
Two fatty acids
Phosphate
Alcohol

Question 19

True or false: Any of the following can be alcohol of glycophospholipid:
Ethanolamine
Choline
Inositol
Serine
Glycerol

Answer 19

True

Question 20

Which statement is false?
I. The melting point of even-numbered-carbon fatty acids decrease with chain length and increase according to unsaturation.
II. The membrane lipids which must be fluid at all environmental temperatures are more unsaturated than storage lipids.

Answer 20

I. Dapat kasi: The melting point of even-numbered-carbon fatty acids increase with chain length and decrease according to unsaturation.

Question 21

These are Esters of the alcohol glycerol and fatty acids.

Answer 21

Triacylglycerols

Question 22

Carbons 1 and 3 of Glycerol are identical. Yes?

Answer 22

No

Question 23

Two groups of phospholipids: __ and __

Answer 23

Glycophospholipids

Sphingomyelins

Question 24

Parts of a sphingomyelin: enumerate

Answer 24

Sphingomyosine backbone Alcohol Phosphate One fatty acid

Question 25

What alcohol is usually present in sphingomyelin?

Answer 25

Choline

Question 26

Parts of glycophospholipid:enumerate

Answer 26

Glycerol backbone Two fatty acids Phosphate Alcohol

Question 27

``` True or false: Any of the following can be alcohol of glycophospholipid: Ethanolamine Choline Inositol Serine Glycerol ```

Answer 27

True

Question 28

[Glycosphingolipids] Galactosylceramide – found in extraneural tissues & Glucosylceramide – found in nervous tissues True or false?

Answer 28

False. | Galactosylceramide – found in nervous tissues & Glucosylceramide – found in extraneural tissues

Question 29

Glycosphingolipids contain ___ plus one more sugar

Answer 29

Ceramide

Question 30

Ceramide contents?

Answer 30

Sphingomyosin + fatty acid

Question 31

True or false. Cholesterol has 4 rings:3 five-carbon rings and 1 six-carbon ring

Answer 31

False.cholesterol has 4 rings; 3 six-carbon ring and 1 fivecarbon ring

Question 32

Cholesterol is often found as __

Answer 32

often found as cholesteryl ester

Question 33

Ergosterol is precursor of Vitamin ___

Answer 33

D

Question 34

Polyprenoids synthesized from which 2 compounds?

Answer 34

Ubiquinone and Dolichol

Question 35

Lipoprotein described as good cholesterol

Answer 35

HDL

Question 36

Lipoprotein responsible for fat deposition at arteries

Answer 36

LDL

Question 37

What is peroxidation?

Answer 37

auto-oxidation of lipids exposed to oxygen

Question 38

Formation of free radical inhibits further peroxidation. Yes?

Answer 38

Nope. It initiates further peroxidation

Question 39

I.Thin-Layer chromatography is for separation of various lipid classes. II.Gas-Liquid is for Separation of individual fatty acids. Which is false?

Answer 39

None.

Question 40

Molecules that have both hydrophilic and hydrophobic parts

Answer 40

Amphipathic molecules