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PH 161 > Lipid Chemistry > Flashcards

Lipid Chemistry Flashcards

0
Q

Esters of fatty acids with various alcohols

A

Simple lipids

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1
Q

Two essential fatty acids

A

linoleate

linolenate

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2
Q

Esters of fatty acids containing groups in addition to an alcohol and a FA

A

Complex lipids

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3
Q

False abt fatty acids
• Aliphatic carboxylic acids
•Occur mainly as esters in natural fats and oil
• occur in the unesterified form as free fatty acids

A

• occur in the unesterified form as free fatty acids

Fatty acids DO NOT occur in the unesterified form as free fatty acids

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4
Q

[NOMENCLATURE]
___ fatty acids end in -anoic and
___ fatty acids end in –enoic

Choices:unsaturated,saturated

A

1st blank:saturated

2nd blank:unsaturated

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5
Q

Saturated fatty acids have double bonds. True or false?

A

False. Unsaturated ones have :)

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6
Q

Linoleic and alpha-linolenic acids are ___ fatty acids

A.saturated
B.monounsaturated
C.Polyunsaturated

A

C.polyunsaturated

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7
Q

Which is not a monounsaturated fatty acid?
Oleic acid
Palmitic acid
Elaidic acid

A

Palmitic acid

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8
Q

False of prostanoids (type of eicosanoids)
A.modulate adenyl cyclase activity
B.control platelet aggregation C.stimulate effect of antidiuretic hormone in the kidney

A

C.stimulate effect of antidiuretic hormone in the kidney

Inhibit dapat

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9
Q

False about leukotrienes
A. They are saturated fatty acids
B. They have muscle contractant and chemotactic properties
C. They are important in allergic reactions and inflammation.

A

A. They are eicosanoids, not saturated fatty acids.

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10
Q

Cis: if acyl chains are on the same side Trans: if on opposite side

Tama ba ito o mali?

A

Tama

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11
Q

I. Most naturally ocurring unsaturated fatty acids have trans double bonds.
II.Trans fats are the unhealthy fats.

Which statement is false?

A

II

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12
Q

Which statement is false?
I. The melting point of even-numbered-carbon fatty acids decrease with chain length and increase according to unsaturation.
II. The membrane lipids which must be fluid at all environmental temperatures are more unsaturated than storage lipids.

A

I. Dapat kasi: The melting point of even-numbered-carbon fatty acids increase with chain length and decrease according to unsaturation.

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13
Q

These are Esters of the alcohol glycerol and fatty acids.

A

Triacylglycerols

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14
Q

Carbons 1 and 3 of Glycerol are identical. Yes?

A

No

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15
Q

Two groups of phospholipids: __ and __

A

Glycophospholipids

Sphingomyelins

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16
Q

Parts of a sphingomyelin: enumerate

A

Sphingomyosine backbone
Alcohol
Phosphate
One fatty acid

17
Q

What alcohol is usually present in sphingomyelin?

A

Choline

18
Q

Parts of glycophospholipid:enumerate

A

Glycerol backbone
Two fatty acids
Phosphate
Alcohol

19
Q 
True or false: Any of the following can be alcohol of glycophospholipid:
Ethanolamine
Choline
Inositol
Serine
Glycerol
A

True

20
Q

Which statement is false?
I. The melting point of even-numbered-carbon fatty acids decrease with chain length and increase according to unsaturation.
II. The membrane lipids which must be fluid at all environmental temperatures are more unsaturated than storage lipids.

A

I. Dapat kasi: The melting point of even-numbered-carbon fatty acids increase with chain length and decrease according to unsaturation.

21
Q

These are Esters of the alcohol glycerol and fatty acids.

A

Triacylglycerols

22
Q

Carbons 1 and 3 of Glycerol are identical. Yes?

A

No

23
Q

Two groups of phospholipids: __ and __

A

Glycophospholipids

Sphingomyelins

24
Q

Parts of a sphingomyelin: enumerate

A

Sphingomyosine backbone
Alcohol
Phosphate
One fatty acid

25
Q

What alcohol is usually present in sphingomyelin?

A

Choline

26
Q

Parts of glycophospholipid:enumerate

A

Glycerol backbone
Two fatty acids
Phosphate
Alcohol

27
Q 
True or false: Any of the following can be alcohol of glycophospholipid:
Ethanolamine
Choline
Inositol
Serine
Glycerol
A

True

28
Q

[Glycosphingolipids]
Galactosylceramide – found in extraneural tissues & Glucosylceramide – found in nervous tissues

True or false?

A

False.

Galactosylceramide – found in nervous tissues & Glucosylceramide – found in extraneural tissues

29
Q

Glycosphingolipids contain ___ plus one more sugar

A

Ceramide

30
Q

Ceramide contents?

A

Sphingomyosin + fatty acid

31
Q

True or false. Cholesterol has 4 rings:3 five-carbon rings and 1 six-carbon ring

A

False.cholesterol has 4 rings; 3 six-carbon ring and 1 fivecarbon ring

32
Q

Cholesterol is often found as __

A

often found as cholesteryl ester

33
Q

Ergosterol is precursor of Vitamin ___

A

D

34
Q

Polyprenoids synthesized from which 2 compounds?

A

Ubiquinone and Dolichol

35
Q

Lipoprotein described as good cholesterol

A

HDL

36
Q

Lipoprotein responsible for fat deposition at arteries

A

LDL

37
Q

What is peroxidation?

A

auto-oxidation of lipids exposed to oxygen

38
Q

Formation of free radical inhibits further peroxidation. Yes?

A

Nope. It initiates further peroxidation

39
Q

I.Thin-Layer chromatography is for separation of various lipid classes.
II.Gas-Liquid is for Separation of individual fatty acids.

Which is false?

A

None.

40
Q

Molecules that have both hydrophilic and hydrophobic parts

A

Amphipathic molecules

PH 161 (12 decks)

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