Nucleobases

Question 1

Functions of Nucleobases

Answer 1

Building blocks of DNA & RNA, Energy Transfer: ATP

Question 2

Pyrimidines

Answer 2

Cytosine (C), Adenine (A), Guanine (G)

Question 3

Purines

Answer 3

Uracil (RNA), Thymine (DNA)

Question 4

Nucleoside

Answer 4

Nitrogenous Base + Sugar

Question 5

Nucleotide

Answer 5

Nitrogenous Base + Sugar + Phosphate Group

Question 6

How do Nucleotides relate to ATP?

Answer 6

ATP is a nucleotide !

Adenine + Ribose + Triphosphate

Question 7

How does DNA form?

Answer 7

1. Nucleotides are connected to make a DNA strand
2. Two strands of DNA are bonded together through hydrogen bonding of nucleotides (strands are vertical)
3. The hydrogen binding causes double helix shape to form.

Question 8

The Central Dogma & How to Relates to Formation of (m)RNA

Answer 8

Transcription: (m)RNA is synthesized from DNA by an enzyme called RNA polymerase by using one DNA strand as a template.
DNA —> (m)RNA

Translation: mRNA acts as a code for protein. Codon (3 Nucleotide) are bonded with an amino acid by tRNA. This continues until Polypeptide chain is made!
(m)RNA —> Protein