Lipids Flashcards
Lipids
Organic molecule that is relatively insoluble in water but very soluble in Nonpolar substances.
Classes of Lipids and What Lipids Fall Under Class
Acetogenic: Fatty Acids, Wax Esters (WEs), Triacyglycerols (TAGs)
Isoprenoid: Sterols, Quinones, Pigments, GDGTs
Compare Molecular Structures of Acetogenic & Isoprenoid Lipids
Acetogenic: Long linear chains, London Dispersion Forces, Polar
Isoprenoid: Cyclic Structures or Branched Chains
What are the main lipids that make up cell membrane?
Phospholipids (derivative of fatty lipids), & GDGTs
What is the ideal structure of an Acetogenic membrane?
Polar Outside, Nonpolar Inside (like sand which) and outside solution. This structure is ideal due to the interactions with water.
What affects a membrane’s fluidity?
Composition of Fatty Acids: Unsaturated cause fluidity (double bonds), Saturated cause Viscous
Temperature: Hot cause fluidity, Cold cause viscous
Adding Isoprenoids! Isoprenoids are like adding double bounds which makes membrane more fluid.
Compare and Contrast Eukaryotes, Bacteria, and Archaea Lipids
Bacteria: Phospholipid (dominant lipid), Acetogenic & Bilayer Membrane, Hopanes
Eukaryotes: Phospholipid (dominant lipid), Acetogenic & Bilayer Membrane, Sterols
Archaea: GDGTs (dominant lipid), Isoprenoid & Monolayer Membrane
Main Function of Lipids
Energy Storage! (due to its tightly pact Hydrogen and Carbon structure)
Triaclyglyceride and it’s Importance
Glycerol + 3 Fatty Acids
- Main energy storage lipid (Acetogenic)
- Phytoplankton accumulate TAGs over day and consume them at night
- Released by Phytoplankton under stress conditions