Lipids Flashcards

1
Q

Lipids

A

Organic molecule that is relatively insoluble in water but very soluble in Nonpolar substances.

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2
Q

Classes of Lipids and What Lipids Fall Under Class

A

Acetogenic: Fatty Acids, Wax Esters (WEs), Triacyglycerols (TAGs)

Isoprenoid: Sterols, Quinones, Pigments, GDGTs

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3
Q

Compare Molecular Structures of Acetogenic & Isoprenoid Lipids

A

Acetogenic: Long linear chains, London Dispersion Forces, Polar

Isoprenoid: Cyclic Structures or Branched Chains

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4
Q

What are the main lipids that make up cell membrane?

A

Phospholipids (derivative of fatty lipids), & GDGTs

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5
Q

What is the ideal structure of an Acetogenic membrane?

A

Polar Outside, Nonpolar Inside (like sand which) and outside solution. This structure is ideal due to the interactions with water.

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6
Q

What affects a membrane’s fluidity?

A

Composition of Fatty Acids: Unsaturated cause fluidity (double bonds), Saturated cause Viscous

Temperature: Hot cause fluidity, Cold cause viscous

Adding Isoprenoids! Isoprenoids are like adding double bounds which makes membrane more fluid.

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7
Q

Compare and Contrast Eukaryotes, Bacteria, and Archaea Lipids

A

Bacteria: Phospholipid (dominant lipid), Acetogenic & Bilayer Membrane, Hopanes

Eukaryotes: Phospholipid (dominant lipid), Acetogenic & Bilayer Membrane, Sterols

Archaea: GDGTs (dominant lipid), Isoprenoid & Monolayer Membrane

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8
Q

Main Function of Lipids

A

Energy Storage! (due to its tightly pact Hydrogen and Carbon structure)

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9
Q

Triaclyglyceride and it’s Importance

A

Glycerol + 3 Fatty Acids
- Main energy storage lipid (Acetogenic)
- Phytoplankton accumulate TAGs over day and consume them at night
- Released by Phytoplankton under stress conditions

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