Nucleic Acids - Structure and Function 7

Question 1

Human DNA is ____________ longer than c DNA

Answer 1

1000x

Question 2

DNA is coiled around positively charged proteins called histones

Answer 2

spooling

Question 3

In spooling, DNA is coiled around ________

Answer 3

histones

Question 4

Four types of histone proteins

Answer 4

H1
H2a
H2b
H3
H4

Question 5

an isoform of H1 and is rare

Answer 5

H5

Question 6

Two each of H2a, H2b, H3 and H4 are found in the core structure of what is called the fundamental unit of chromatin _________

Answer 6

nucleosome

Question 7

core of 8 proteins

Answer 7

octamer

Question 8

stretch of DNA wrapped around the octamer totals about _________ and makes _________ turns around it

Answer 8

147 base pairs; 12/3 turns

Question 9

The stretch of DNA wrapped around the octamer totals about 147 base pairs and makes 12/3 turns around it. This complex is called

Answer 9

core particle

Question 10

A linker region of about _________ base pairs separate core particles

Answer 10

50-80 base pairs

Question 11

refers to a core particle plus a linker region

Answer 11

nucleosome

Question 12

sits near the junction of the incoming DNA and the histone core

Answer 12

Histone H1

Question 13

often referred to as the linker histone

Answer 13

Histone H1

Question 14

In the absence of H1, non-condensed nucleosomes resemble _________ when viewed in an electron microscope

Answer 14

beads on a string

Question 15

similar structure and are rich in basic amino acids, such as lysine and arginine

Answer 15

Histone

Question 16

Amino acids where histones are rich

Answer 16

Lysine and Arginine

Question 17

The amino acids in histones are ________charged at physiological pH

Answer 17

positively

Question 18

True or False: The positive charge of Histones allow them to form tight ionic bonds with the negatively charged phosphate backbone of DNA

Answer 18

True